Распечатать страницу | Назад к предыдущей теме
Название форумаСвободная площадка
Название темыВенеция: встреча Востока и Запада
URL темыhttps://chronologia.org/dc/dcboard.php?az=show_topic&forum=264&topic_id=86648&mesg_id=86813
86813, Венеция: встреча Востока и Запада
Послано guest, 21-10-2011 16:51
статья на эту тему:
http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/200802/east.meets.west.in.venice.htm Saudi Aramco World : East Meets West in Venice


The spiral column shown in this illustration from a 16th-century Ottoman manuscript was erected in about 405 by the Eastern Roman emperor Arcadius.

минаретообразная колонна Аркадия, утверждают. В центре колонны изображена телега или возможно пушка?
http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Колонна_Аркадия


Beckoning mariners from Venice’s eastern tip, the campanile of the Basilica of San Pietro Castello was built to resemble Alexandria’s Pharos lighthouse.

колокольня базилики Сан Пьетро Кастелло была возведена якобы во второй половине 15 века в подражание Александрийскому маяку на Фаросе. Как видно, "Александрийскому маяку" не противоречит быть при этом колокольней. В то же время Иван Великий естественно мог выполнять и другие функции кроме колокол. звона в религиозных целях, аналогичные маяку, т. е. служить ориентиром для путешествующих, наблюдательным пунктом и т. п. Не зря Наполеон при отступлении пытался его взорвать, а также некоторые другие высокие башни Кремля.


The back of the so-called “Throne of St. Peter” is inscribed in Arabic.

Up the broad Via Garibaldi with its working-class cafés and shops, I make my way to the Basilica of San Pietro Castello, the city’s principal cathedral until 1807, when the Basilica of St. Mark’s became Venice’s primary church. An immaculately white stone campanile rises from the grassy park surrounding the basilica. Constructed from 1482 to 1488 by Mario Codussi, the bell tower was erected at the eastern tip of the city as a Venetian version of Alexandria’s Pharos lighthouse. Inside the magnificent cathedral is the so-called “Throne of St. Peter,” donated by the Byzantines to thank Venice for its help wresting Sicily from the Arabs in the 13th century. In fact, it is not a throne at all, but a stone chair with a back fashioned from a 12th-century Islamic funerary stele inscribed with Qur’anic verses around a six-pointed star.

что за загадочный трон св. Петра находится в этой базилике со стихами из корана и 6конечными звездами и спинкой - бывшей могильной плитой, выкопанной из земли, по одной из версий? Неужели для еписпока и патриарха не могли подыскать что-нибудь не б/ушное? Это при том, что у него были претензии соперничать по влиянию с самим Римом.

небольшая заметка об этом троне, перепечатанная мною из книги Stefano Carboni "Venice and the Islamic world, 828-1797", стр. 325 (не все примечания удалось разобрать в виду нечеткости текста):

"Chair of St. Peter"
Eastern Mediterranean, backrest ca. 11th-12th century assembled with earlier elements
Carved marble and sandstone
Ca. H. 140 cm (55 in.) max.; W. 74.5 cm (29 1/4 in.) max.; D. 52 cm (20 1/2 in.) max.
Basilica con Cattedrale di San Pietro di Castello, Venice
The most intriguing and mysterious object that incorporates elements of Islamic art today in Venice is the so-called Chair of St. Peter, a marble seat placed on the right wall near the entrance of San Pietro di Castello. The church, located behind the Arsenal in the Castello quarter of the city, is nowadays off the main tourist route and few people realize that it was the seat of the Patriarchate from 1451 to 1807.<1> For ships entering the Lagoon on the side of San Nicolo at the Lido and the defensive Fort of Sant' Andrea, San Pietro was once the first important building to greet anyone's arrival.
The chair is composed of several parts in white marble that form its backrest, armrests, sides, and seat, and of a slab of pale pink sandstone that supports the front edge of the seat. The only decorated section is the backrest, the upper part of which is carved in relief on both sides with Arabic inscriptions within a complex geometric and pseudo-vegetal design, the most distinctive being large star patterns on the front side.<2> The text, which runs on both sides in a band along the curving shape of the backrest and inside the geometric figures, was copied in a nondescript style of Kufic script that can be attributed to the 11th or 12th century. The text is Qur'anic (sura 3, v. 192-94, sura 23, v. 118) and strongly suggests that the original function of this carved marble slab was that of a funerary stele planted in the ground, although it cannot be excluded - as was surmised in the past - that it formed the backrest of an Islamic throne or a minbar (pulpit). Strika has concluded that the backrest, originally a stele brought by the Venetians from the Eastern Mediterranean coasts at the time of the Crusades, can be attributed to the mid-11th century and belongs to the Seljuq period of rule of the greater Syrian area.<3> Since the Seljuq Syrian branch controlled the region roughly in the years 1076-1117, without challenging Strika's reasonable interpretations, its attribution can be extended to the late 11th as well as the early 12th century.
The mystery of the "Cattedra" lies in its traditional name, "St. Peter's Chair", which implies that it was the seat of the apostle and first patriarch; the Venetian legend tells us that this chair was his original seat in Antioch (Syria) and most sources agree that it was donated to a doge by a Byzantine emperor in the 9th century in appreciation of Venice's assistance in the effort to recapture Sicily from the Arabs. The earliest extant source for the presence of the chair in Venice seems to be Andrea Dandolo's (1307-1354; r. 1343-54) Chronicle, a compilation of earlier sources, mentioning the "marble chair in which Peter of Antioch used to sit, and which is presently placed behind the main altar of the Church of St. Peter."<4> Only in the 18th century was it finally noticed that Arabic could not have been used before the 7th century in Antioch and that there was something wrong with tha traditional attribution of the seat.<5>
There might be a grain of truth in the various legends surrounding the chair; it is possible that the Kufic stele was a replacement for the backrest of an earlier marble seat that was originally in a church in Antioch (although an 11th-century source describes St. Peter's seat as made of palm wood covered with silver sheets)_ and that was taken to Byzantium and subsequently given to Venice through diplomatic channels or taken from there during the Crusade of 1204.<?> The truth may never be established, but just as the relics of the body of St. Mark were taken from Muslim-controlled Alexandria in 828, tradition holds that, at about the same time, St. Peter's Chair, decorated with a prominent Arabic inscription, also arrived in Venice. The doge's and the patriarch's effort to turn the city into the most important center of Christian pilgrimage and therefore of business and profit - even challenging papal Rome where, not surprisingly, another Chair of St. Peter was located - between the Orthodox denomination and Catholic Europe cannot be more manifest than in this case.<7?>

<1> The Basilica of St. Mark was erected and functioned as the Doge's Chapel until it was chosen as the new seat of the patriarch. San Pietro di Castello Church had been for centuries the seat of the bishop, reporting to the patriarch in Grado, northeast of Venice, when Pope Nicolas V elevated the Venetian church to the patriarchate in 1451, choosing the future saint Lorenzo Giustiniani and <?> Venetian bishop, as the new patriarch.
<7> Not to mention that the Treasury of St. Mark's also includes a carved marble "Chair of St. Mark"; see, for example, Treasury 1984, pp. 98-105, cat. 7.

http://books.google.com/books/about/Venice_and_the_Islamic_world_828_1797.html?id=10Rrl29pBMYC Stefano Carboni "Venice and the Islamic world, 828-1797"
<""|>

http://islamkoran.ru/003.html сура 3:192-194
3:192. Господи наш! Творец наш! Покровитель и Защитник наш! Кого ты введёшь в огонь, того Ты покроешь срамом. Нет у неправедных, кому суждено быть в огне, помощников, которые могли бы спасти их!
3:193. Господи наш! Мы услышали Твоего посланника, призывающего нас к вере в Аллаха. Мы ему повиновались и уверовали. Господи наш! Прости же нам наши великие грехи и очисти нас от наших скверных деяний и упокой нас с твоими верными рабами и праведниками!
3:194. Господи наш! И даруй нам то, что Ты обещал через Своих посланников - победу и поддержку в ближней жизни, - и не введи нас в огонь, и не посрами нас в День суда. Ведь Ты не нарушаешь обещания!"
http://islamkoran.ru/023.html сура 23:118
23:118. Скажи (о пророк!), обращаясь к Аллаху и прося Его: "Господи! Прости мне мои грехи и помилуй меня! Поистине, Ты - наилучший из милосердных! Твоя милость обширна и охватывает добродеющих".