>Уважаемый Jey!
>Большое спасибо за интересную информацию.
>С известняковым горшочком для... (а для чего собственно?),
>изготовленным Стоксом, более-менее понятно. Есть конечно
>кой-какие вопросы, но раз говорит, что изваял - будем
>верить. Стокс более двадцати лет что-то пилит, сверлит и считается экспертом номер 1 в мире. Именно он в 80-х разрушил веру в применении медных инструментов ( в смысле зубил и тесел) для обработки камня и провел границу в этом применении на кальците, даже для мягкого известняка сделав оговорку что "возможно, но расход металла экономически нецелесообразен"
>Но. Из той-же самой книги следует, что единственно
>достоверные данные по производительности обработки кальцита
>и гранита дают соотношение 1 : 20. Так что такой-же горшочек
>из гранита должно уйти (по его собственным данным! а не
>словам!) не менее 450 часов. Без полировки!
Я такие сравнительные цифры не очень воспринимаю, потому как Стокс сам себе иной раз противоречит.
Недавно организовал археологические раскопки на своем жестком диске и обнаружил интересную статью по этой теме, правда про базальт но с интересными табличками и кой-какими результатами.
PREDYNASTAICND FIRSTD YNASTEYG YPTIABNA SALTV ESSELS by Leanne May Mallory
Пара познавательных табличек оттуда и необходимая поясниловка к ним

The most important factor in determining workability is hardness. There are a number of scales for rneasunng hardness, the most commonly used being the Moh's scale based on scratch hardness (MH). First developed in 1822 by Friedrich von Mohs, the scale is an arbitrary, relative measure based on ten common minerals. There is a greater distance between higher MH values than the lower ones. MH values for rocks were deterrnined by Proctor (1970). and are controlled by the mineral with the greatest hardness in basalt, granite and quartzite (see Table 7.1). Limestone's hardness depends on how well cemented the rock is. The MH of Iimestone can be lowered to less than 2 if the stone is saturated, but water saturation has little, if any. affect on basalt (Michalopoulos and Triandafilidis 1 976, Winkler 1994, p. 38).
Another measure of hardness is drillability. This is determined by counting how many revolutions of a rotary diamond point drill are needed to create a hole 10 microns deep when the drill is rotating at 6 to 7 revolutions per second (Tertsch 1949). Although this test was perfomed on minerais, the hardnesses are propodïonal to those using other scales, and the value given in assigned based on the MH value for the rocks.
Abrasive resistance (HJ is based on how much material table 7.1 has been is removed from a 2kg piece of rock over a specific tirne period when a particular abrasive is used for grinding. The finer grained a rock is, the more easily mineral grains are removed from it. A rock which contains intergrown mineral grains (basalt) will Wear at a slower rate than one which is less consolidated (limestone). The hardness of individual mineral grains will also play a role.
Perhaps the best measure of a rock's hardness and workability is total
hardness (H,). This measure takes into account abrasion hardness and Schmidt impact hardness, and is used by engineers to gauge how workable a stone is (Wnkler 1994, p. 43). Rocks with larger grain sizes tend to have lower H, values than those which are fine grained (compare basalt and granite, Table 7.1).

If the various hardness scales are used to determine relative working times, then it should take about 90 times longer to drill an identical sized hole in a basalt than a lirnestone (drill hardness), and 8 times as long to abrade the same amount of material (HJ. The difkrenoe between drill hardness and abrasive hardness is due to the interiocking nature of the crystals in a basalt. A limestone is cemented together, and when the bonds break, the carbonate crystals corne free. In a basalt each crystal has to be drilled through and removed as powder.
An experiment was performed to determine the relative abrasion rates for limestone and basalt to see if these derived work times are consistent with reality.
Two 4.0 cm cubes of limestone and basait were each plaoed in a tumbler dnim with 280g of sand and 150 ml of distilled water after the cubes had been saturated with water. The tumbler turned both drums at a rate of 32 rpm. At varied intervals the blocks were remo-ved, weighed. and photographed. At 103.5 houк the old slurry was removed, and new sand and water added to see if the abrasion rate would be affected. The results of the experiment are given in Table 7.2.
Although the abrasion hardness suggests that basalt would take 8 times as long to grind down, this experiment shows that the real difference is cfoser to 4 - 5 times. A drilling experiment perfomied by D.A. Stocks (1 986a. p. 29, 1993) gives a relative cutting rate of 15 times longer for diorite (similar hardness to basalt, but larger, less interlocked crystals) when compared to Iimestone. This suggests that
the drill hardness rate (Table 7.1) may be elevated as well. Even if it is halved, it would still take 45 times longer to drill out a basalt vessel than a similarly sized limestone one.
А вот из ее статьи интересное замечание :
Hester and Heizer (1981 ) studied modern alabaster workshops in Gurna, and discovered that hand crafted alabaster vessels were being made with the same techniques (but metal tools) as in ancient times. The limestone was saturated with glue and water before being worked. A modem workman made a calcite jar (height = 29.2 cm, diameter = 16.5 cm) in about seven days. and a bowl (h = 12.7 cm. d = 31.8 cm) in four days (Hester and Heizer 1981, p. 297). If these rates are accurate, a craftsman would need at least a year to manufacture one basalt vessel if he takes a week to make a comparable limestone one.
Это современному год на базальтовое, если же посмотреть в таблицу 7.1 и сравнить разницу для базальта и гранита, то сколько на гранитную вазу уйдет?
>Так что там у нас с малыми архитектурными формами? Кошечек
>там или пантер не берем в расчет. А вот вазочки из гранита и
>диорита с большими полостями. Сколько их? Как выглядят?
>Особенно незаконченные, недополированные?
Многие сотни,может и тыщи, я думаю. Это, все-таки, необходимые предметы погребального культа:

CANOPIC JARS
By Selli and Elyssa
Canopic jars were used during the mummification process. The organs removed from the dead body were put into separate jars. They were put in canopic jars because the organs were the first things to decompose and the priests wanted to preserve them.
Only two major organs were not put into canopic jars. The first one not put into a canopic jar was the heart. It was left in the body. People thought the heart was the center of the soul, intelligence, and emotion. The other organ that wasn't put into canopic jars was the brain. It wasn't of any importance to the Egyptians, so they took a pick, stuck it up the nose, and pulled the brain out of the nostril. After that, they threw it out.
There were four jars. Each jar held one internal organ. The liver, the lungs, the stomach, and intestines were taken out of the body and washed in a kind of white wine. The four organs were then put into jars. One of the sons of Horus was on each of the lids. The sons were Duamutif, a jackal or dog who protected the stomach, Hapy a baboon, who protected the lungs, Quebehsenuf, a falcon who protected the intestines, and Imsety, a human who protected the liver. Each mummy had all of the different kinds of canopic jars in its tomb.
Before the mummies were wrapped in the traditional cloth, they were dried in a sodium carbonate substance (natron salt). The salt crystals were placed around the bodies and in forty days the body would be dried and no further decay would take place.
In ancient Egyptian times, it was believed that if you could steal an internal organ from a canopic jar in a mummy's tomb, the thief who
stole the organ could cast evil spells. This was believed because the organs were thought to be sacred and very powerful.
To the Egyptians canopic jars were not just things that held people's organs in them. They were a sacred and vital part of the afterlives of different mummies.

http://www.portnet.k12.ny.us/egyptmuseum/Canop.htm
Если предметнее хотите, то в музее Питри
http://www.petrie.ucl.ac.uk/search/main/index.php
в поиске задайте "jar" , оттуда тыща какая-никакая вывалится. В основном керамика, но и что-то вроде этого тоже есть :

Object group - canopic jars
Description - Limestone canopic jar of Iunefer with lid of beardless human head (does not fit jar) and three-column incised inscription. Traces of colour.
Period - Dynasty 12 (1795BCE-1985BCE)
Found at - Hawara
Material - limestone
Measurements - height 21 + 9 cms
С незаконченными и неполированными серьезно покорпеть-поискать надо, сходу не отвечу.