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 2.
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          ,
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[1062].    , .1.4.

       ,  
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[1100], A.Vol.I,Pl.79.       
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 [1062].

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2000    ... ().

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   "   " [370], .165.

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Desroches-Noblecourt Christiane "Life and Death of a Pharaoh
Tutankhamen" [1101], .255.

  10)  ,  . 
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   .. [544], .6, .696.

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    XIX .  
    XIX ,  
   ..    . 
[544], .6, .652-655.

     ,   ,    ,
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 , -      [544], .6, .652.
       .
      ,
     "" 
"" [393], .40.     
,  ,  .

           ,
    [544], .6, .652-655.     
 .

        
     XIX :  ,
, , , ,   .    
 :      
     III  ..  [544], .6, .651.
      .

  ..,      
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        ,    
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..      III  . [544],
.6, .689-691.  ,   ,     ,
 :

    : 6  540  ..;

    : 15  568  ..

    ..    
..,     [544], .6, .669.

     ..   
   ..  
.2.1, .2.2.

    ..    .  
 , ,  ,   
 , .   :

  1)  .       
    .     
    .   -    
 .

  2)  .    ,
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      .

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    .     
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, .2.1.

  ,       ,   
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.        
          
 4-6  ( ,  )   
 0,4   .  , ,    
       .   
        15  568 , 
    .  (  
     Turbo-Sky.)

    ..  ..   ..
     [376], .315-329.
..  ..      1300
,    .      
  ,   .., 
    .

         .., ..  ..
     .   
       
..:

    : 12  1394  ..;

    : 22  1422  ..

    ..  ..   
.    ,     
[376], .321-325.       
-   .   , .. 
..  : ",     
 ,       
 (    1394  - .),    
,   .." [376], .325.

   ,       
     . ,  
  .

   1999-2000    ,   -
,  .. [3]:3, .12.  
  ..   
.  ,        
   .

     ,  ..   
 , ..      -
   ,  ..  , ..
   .     
 ,        .

    ..   .  , 
    "" , 
 .. [544], .6, .674,   
 [912:3], .746-748.    , 
.. (.2.3  .2.4),    
  [1100], .. ,   
,      .
 ,   ,  ..,
 .        
 .. "     " ("Voyage
dans la Basse et la Haute Egypt", 1802).    
    1798     
  .      
  ,     [1378:1].
,     .   
     [1100],   
      .  
.., -,     
      ,
  "" .

  ..    : << (.. - .)
        
 " ".      , 
..     ...  
  .     ,    ,
,    ,  , - 
  ...  ,   " "  
   ...      ,
, -        ...
        
.          ...  
, ..,     ,
   .   >> [912:3],
.737.

       
     [1100], ..
    ..,   
   [912:3].

   ..  ,    
 ,  ,   .   
.

  1)     
        ;

  2)      
.         
    [912:3].

  ,    ,  [3]:3,
.12.

   ,    ,  
 .. [912:3],     ,  
 ..  .. - ...

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   (      
).

       .     
    .

    , ..      
        
.

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       [544], .6, .675,678,679.
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       .

           
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.

           
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[912:3]    .

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    .

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 ...

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   .

           " ", 
    .

          ,
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    .

      .. [912:3].    
      ,  
      :  7-8
 1727 .     ,   ,
 ..,      
..  .. - ...

    ,     ,
 ,        ,  
 ..  ..  , 
      , .2.5.

   ,  .. :

     : 7-8  1727  ..  ( 
   :  22-27  1168  .., - 
 -   );

     : 15  568  ..   22 
1422  .. (      
 : 30-31  1185  .., -   -
  ).

     ..  .. 
 ,   ,   ,
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.      
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, ,   , , 
     , .2.6 
.2.7.

        . .
 ..  ..   
       500  
..   .    - :

     : 22-26  1168  ..;

     :  20  1185  ..

          2.      .

          .
 -     ,     ,
   ,   . 
     - 
.      -   (- ="
"),     .

           [1100].  
       ,    
  .        
   .

     ,      ,
       . 
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 ,  ,    
-      ,
   .    , ""
   , .  " ",  2.

     ,     
    .. [912:3].   
,   , .. ,   
       .
 , ,   
    [912:3], .774-798,  
.

   ..     :

      : 1-2  1631  ..;

      : 2-3  1570   ..

        ,   
,  ..     ,
     . , 
 ,    ,   
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 .     
,  .     ,  
    .

    . .     , 
..  ..:

      : 31  - 3  1394  ..;

      : 6-8  1404  ..

        500   .. 
 .

           3.    .

        .. 
[544], .6, .728-752.   .  .2.8.
..        ,
  :

  << 1902 .       
..    "",  
,   1901       
 (Sohag)...

         , 
     ,    
      , 
   ...

          , 
     .  ,
,    (.    ),
   ,     
    -    --,   
      , 
          (  
).        
>> [544], .6, .731.

    .       
,       
 .  ,   ,  ,
  ,   , ..  
  -,   .
,        
      - 
   , .2.9.   . 
 15.

   -   ..  
 "     ".     
,        . 
  .

       ..,  
   ,    .
-,    ,    
.  -,    
    ,     
     30 .      
 ,   ,  38 , .  7.    
, -,   ..,  
       ,   
.

    ...

  <<  1919  IV  " 
"      ..  
     ,  
     , 
         ,
  ,      
,     -  ,     
     -    .  
,        , 
 ,      ,     
  .   ,   >> [544], .6,
.731.

          
 52  59  ..  .2.10   
.          . 
    .    
 " "       
  ,  ,   .
    ?      
 .  ""     
.       :

  "  [], ,   ,   
       ,   
.  59  ..    , , 
 ,     .    .
        
 58  59 .   -118, -60, -1, 59, 117  
,     ,  59  .., 
      " [544], .6,
.732.

     ..: " ,    
,  ,     ,   
      
     
.,  ...

           
500       +600    ...
,       
" [544], .6, .731-733.

       , ..
        
.       [544], .6, .738-739.
    :  1049  ..   
1065    , .2.11.  ,   
.2.11,    .  ,  
,       , 
 ,  .    , 
           .

   ,     ..   
   . ,   , 
 ,     
:  , , ,  ( ,
.2.8).        :  ,
, , , .2.11.    
  ..,      
 "  " [544], .6, .746.

    :  "  
        , 
     ?      
       " [544],
.6, .738.       :
",  ,   ,   - .  
  ...,       
,      - .  , -
 .., -      , 
  " [544], .6, .739.

     .       ,
       ,  
       .   
      , 
,         .
   ,   ..  
  .   ,    
     , .  4.

       .      
 -   ,   , -
     .   -    
      -   
 .   .2.12     
          
 .  ,     
      
:       
     .

   .2.12       
 ,    -   .  
     ,     
 ,     :     .
    .2.12  
.. [544], .6, .732.    -  ,
    .

      -   
  .2.12   .   ,  
       , .2.8.  , 
    :   -   ,  
     .      
       .  
 ,  -     
       .     , 
    ,  
,      , .2.12.

    ,        
   .   ,    
   !   ,  .
,  ,   .,    
 .  ,    ""
    .

           
  " "  .  
,   ,   
     . .   7.
    ,  .. 
...        
500   ..   .    .

    : 15-16  1230  ..

    : 9-10  1268  ..

       4.       .

        ..  [544],
.6, .695-728. ,   , . 
.2.16.       .2.13.
       , 
    .  .. 
      
 .  :

  <<  1913  .....   ...   
 (Henri Brugsch:  "Recueil de Monuments Egyptiens, dessines sur
lieux". 1862),       
   (       
)    ,   
      .   , 
  ,  1857 ,      1862.

         ,   
...      , 
     ,    
  ,  .   
       ... ,   
   12     
,        . 
       : 24 
   .    12 
   ,    - 12  ,    
      ,     
()        
(.2.16, .2.13 - )...

     12      ,
     ,    ,  
      ,     ,  
  .      ,  
     ,    ,   
       ( 
   ),    , 
 ,     , 
  ,       ,   
   (    
     - .) ...   
          
 ,      
>> [544], .6, .694-697.

    ...        
.     ,    
       
 .

        
 .        ,  
    .     
 ,    .      
       , 
  , .2.14.    
       
 .        .
,        
      .  , 
      ,     
 .

           
   ,    ...   
     ,   ,  
...       .

    ..       
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  ,          
 .

   ,  ..      
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.2.16, .2.13.       , 
     ,   ...  ,
   "" ,   
  ,     .  ,  
.,  ..   .

  .. : <<    ,
        
...

           ,
    .     :
--,   : --,      
,       ,   
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  .  ,   , 
 : -,    .   
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. , ,      "",
  ,        : 
         ,    
       ,   
       ,   
...

        "   ", 
          ...

        
...       - 
 17  1682   , -      ...
  ,        
 >> [544], .6, .697-698, 727.

     ..  ,   
 1682   .     ,
     .     . 
  ,         
,    .

    ,        
  ,     , .2.13. ,   
       ,   
 ,     .   -    
  .   ,    
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 ,  ,     
 .    -  , .2.13.

      ,    
      .

          
 .   ,  ""  ,   "" -
      .  
         
  ,    [544], .6, .726.    
     1682    
   -       
  , .2.15.   ,    
     .    1682 
      ,   
.

          
 .    ,    
       
.       .. 
[912:3].

  ,        () 
 ()    .   ,  
    -     .
        ,    
.    ""   , .2.13.  
  ..,      
   .  ,  
        . 
  1682    .

     ,   ,  
.., . -,   , 
      ,     
    . -,     
    ,    ,    ...

   -,      
   , .2.13.      
           ,
   .   ,    
  ,   , .2.13.      
 -      .
 ,        .

    ,  ..   ,   
    (1682 ) [544], .6, .726,  
  ,     
        
     .

      ,   ""
,  ..  ...   - 1861 
 .    -       1862 , 
 .   .    XIX !

   ,  ..    
.        , , 
   1861 ,  "  
 ,     ,    
     1861 ,     ,
 ,         
 ,    "[544], .6, .728.

     ,      , , 
  1682 ,        .
,      ,  
.

    ,  ..  ..   
     .    
  .  ""  ,
 , .  , ,    
.., . .

          
,    ,    ,    
.   -  , , .2.16.   
     ,    
 "  ".      
  , ,    
  , .2.16.      
 "  ".

   .2.16        
 :  "",   ,
  "",    ,  .
 .   7.     
 ..  ...

  "  "  "  "    
       . :  6-7  1841
    15  1853  -  .

 ,         
       .    
  12- .

    ,    ""     
XVII,   XIX .     !  , 
   ,     ,
 .    1682  -   (!).
 ,    " " 
""    ,    
   .     ,  
     [544], .6, .695.

   ,  XIX    -   
  .     1811
 [85], .15, .455.   -   40   
 , ,  ,   1853 .

     , ,   
   - .     
 ""        
.   ,     
.     .    ,  
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 . ,        .
 ,       .  
 ,  1857 ,    .

     -       
  1861 .  ,    
   .    
       
.        1802
 [544], .6, .698.   ,    
       .  -
 ,  -   1-2  ""
.

          ,   
..,    .

  ,  ,       , 
  .       
 1857 , ,   ,     
 [544], .6, .695.    
       .   - 
  XIX .

  ,  ..   :

   )   : 17  1682  ..
( 18  1861  .. ,  ). )
"  ":  , ) "  ": 
.

    ..  ..   :

   )   : 18  1861  .. )
"  ": 6-7  1841  .. ) " 
": 15  1853  ..

     5.     
                    .

      ,  
  .      
 . -,    
       
  .  ., , [1062],
[1062:1].  -,    
     .   
  .   ,   ,
       [544], 
     ,    
  .      
  [1291].

        ""
    , 
   [1062:1]   ,  
1970-      (S.Cauville) 
      .  
,     
.        
     [1062],  
 [1062:1].  ,    
,      ,  [1062] -
  .

       " "  [1062], 
,   ,     ,
    . ""   
   .  , 
    (Ptolemee Aulete), "" 
    ,   -  -  
  [1062], .11.      , 
  , , " " 
[1062], .11.   .   ,     
 ,   ,  
      51  47   ..
[1062], .11.

       [1062], [1062:1]
   :     , 
         [1062]
 . : "Partant de cette donn'ee assur'ee,
'E.Aubourg a cherch'e si, dans se laps de temps (51-43 av.J.-C.), la
place des plan'etes parmi les constellations du zodiaque 'etait
astronomiquement possible" [1062], .11.  S.Cauvilee 
, ,    E.Aubourg,  
      "
"   51-43   ..  
,   [1062], ,     .

    ,      [1062] , 
  ,        
  : 51-43   ..  
""  "" ,  [1062] 
         
  (!?).  , -     , 
  ! ,   "
"      
     .

  ,         
  [1062]   16  50   .. [1062], .12. 
  -     : 12  50  
..[1062], .12.    -   .  - 
,         
 .        
.

         [1062]  
   .  '    
-       [1062], .19-22.
   [1062]     
.    ,   .    
    ?   
.

     .    : 
 1  52   ..     25  52
  ..  [1062], .20.    - ,  
   ,  
 .          
  -   2 .      
        .   
     ,    
     .  ,  
[1062]      51-43 .  ..   , 
  ""   .

     .  [1062]   
7  50   .., , " "   [1062],
.22.       Turbo-Sky ,  
      ,   
   .    .  
       .
-,   " "   
   ,   [1062] .  " "
  ,     ,   
        51-43 .   ..
      
.     -     .

     " "   
 [1062], [1062:1],       [1062]
       . , 
         
,   -   -  [1062],
.9.    .    
 .        
..  [544], .6, .652-653.   ..

          
      [1062].     
,    .



                           3.

             .

           1.   .

           
 .

          
.  ,      
,       ,   
, .

  ,     
 .     , 
   .    -  
,     .  
     ,  , 
    .

    ,     " "
      .    - 
  ,     [393], .40,   - 
    .

      ,    
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,   .   , "" 
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      .   ,    
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    , 
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, -   , -     
   .

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      , 
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.     .  ,    
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      ...

         [544], .6.
""      , 
..  ,   " , 
   ,     
,   " [544], .6, .659, 666.

         
   ,  , , 
    .

  " ?  -  ,    
      " -  ...
   ,        
         .
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 .

    , ..     
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 ,     " [544], .6, .666.  
,  ..      
" ".

  ,     ,      
[544], .6,      
     .   ,  
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      ,  
 .     - ,   
  ,  .      
:          ,
.3.2.

      -  ..   
    .    
    .

           .
    .  -  
.  ,         
,   ,   .    ,
       [393], .40.

   ,         
.         ,
 .  ,       
     -       ,
.1.5.      "-"  -
.

      ..    
 .      ,
 "        "
[544], .6, .658.     , -, .
 ""    ,   , ,
      " ".

    ,    " " -   
  , .3.3.   ,    , -
     , -      .
        ,   "
".     ...     -
     .    
       .3.3     -
 ,  ,     [1100].

    ,    " ",   
     .  ,
  ,       
[1051:1], .74.       
 .       ""  "",
""  "".       
   .

    ,         
     "",  
  ,     - . .  
,  ,   
.  -        
.  ,  ,    - .

      ,        
         
.

    .    , 
:  "-      ,
       -
 " [544], .6,  677.      
.3.4.     -  ,    .
       ,  
     [544], .6, .956.    ,
     "" .    
      .    
  .     ,  .  
  .

   -   "",  , "
"   .   :  "  
...           -
- " [544], .6,  677, .3.5.      
    ""   
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 .

  ,   ,     , 
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   ,   :  "  ...
   ,     
   " [544], .6, .729.  .3.5  
     ,   
 .  -    .   ,  
 ,       
    ,    .

  ,         
       -   .
      , .3.5.   
        -   
, .3.6.        
   :  "       ,
      
" [544], .6, .669.    
      "",
.3.6.

             
 ,        
 . ,   ,   :
 ""    [544], .6, .670.  
   ""   ""-
  568 .    " "  
       .   -
 .  . "", .5.

        .    .. 
     
. ,   ,  ,  
     .   , ,
   ,     
.

  ,     , 
 , -,     
   .   
   .

      ,  ,   ...
  ,     [544], .6, 
.    ,       
     
[912:3], [376].

          
 .      .

       ,      , 
        
     
.

   ,      ...
. , ,   ,     
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 .      . 
     
.     ..   
         
.

          
" "    " " [2],
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"" .    ,     
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    [1062:1].

  ,     " ",
   [2]     
.   ,      
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 - -   .

         -     
 ...   ,     
          ""
.

      2.       .
                  .

         ..  .. 
    .

         
 . ,       ,
     
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.  ,     ,  ,
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    .

     .

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.

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.

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    . , ,  :

  1) " ( )", .3.8, .3.9.   
     ,     
-        , .3.10.

  2) "    ", .3.9, .3.11,
.3.12.        -  ,  
     , .3.9.

  3) "  ( )", .3.8, .3.9, .3.11,
.3.12.    ,   ,  ,
.3.8, .3.9, .3.12.      
, .3.8.        
  , .3.9, .3.12.   -     
 ,  -  .      
  ,   -  , .3.8.

         -  
,    , -    
       .  
        .

       ?      
. -, "  "  "   
    "  ",  
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.    ,     
   "-"  (
     -  ).  
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  .     -  
    .     
 .

        
   ,      
.           
,    .    ,
""    ,   "".   
 21-22    ,  
     ,    
 [393], .23, 26. . .3.13, .3.14.

     .    
()        
.    -     72
.    30   2000 .    
    .     
          
 , .3.13.

         30- 
 . ,    2000 
        .
       ,    
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       .

  ,   2000     
    ,   -  ,
  -      - 
, .3.13  .2.14.     
        
     1582  [393], .22-23.  
       
.

         
   (" "), ,  
 1582 ,      
  (" "),    -  
   .

         .
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[393].   ( )  
      ,   (
).

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      .

          
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                        J2000  
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        (Aries)                  26 - 51

       (Taurus)                 51 - 89

       (Gemini)              89 - 118

        (Cancer)                 118 - 143

       (Leo)                     143 - 174

       (Virgo)                  174 - 215

       (Libra)                  215 - 236

       (Scorpio)            236 - 266

       (Sagittarius)         266 - 301

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       (Pisces)                 346 - 26

   ------------------------------------------------------

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(Bureau des Longitudes) ..   (Simon J.L.), .
(Bretagnon P.), . (Chapront J.), .-
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       ,
    Astron.  Astrophys.   1994
 [1064:0].

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<0>  ARIES <1> TAUR <2> GEMINI <3> CANCER <4> LEO <5> VIR. <6>
                               

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    -----------    HOROS ------------------
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         2.5    8.0   11.0     1.0    12.0    2.0     3.0
  #  : -------------------------------------------#
         1.5    6.5   10.0    12.0    10.5     .3     1.5
  ----------------------- ------------------------

   :       :

   <0> ARIES <1> TAUR <2> GEMINI <3> CANCER <4> LEO <5> VIR. <6>
                                 

  LIB. <7> SCORP. <8> SAGITT. <9> CAPRIC.<10> AQUA. <11> PISC.<12=0>
       .                   

 --------------------------------------------------------------------

       -    ,   -  
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:  22-26  1168   .  
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 ---------------------------------------------------------------------
     (JD) =  2147782.00
   // = 1168/ 4/ 22
                               
   212.7      327.0        330.8      361.2    39.3    43.2      50.4
    5.93       9.91        10.07      11.37     .51     .67       .95
 /   ./.  ./.               /.
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 ----------------------------------------
     (JD) =  2147783.00   <      >
   // = 1168/  4/  23
                               
   225.1      327.0        331.5      361.4    38.8    42.7      51.4
    6.45        9.91        10.12      11.37     .49    .65       1.01
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 ----------------------------------------
                . . .

 ----------------------------------------
     (JD) =  2147786.00
   // =  1168/ 4/  26
                               
   261.4      327.2        333.6      362.0    37.5    41.5        54.2
    7.83       9.91        10.24      11.39    .44     .60         1.07
    ./.                        
    " ": 15.8 
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------

     3.8.      .

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----------------------------------------
   (JD) =  2147560.00
 // =   1167/9/13
               
 188.1  168.4  309.3   324.4   178.9  209.3   179.6 ( J2000)
 5.33   4.80   9.28    9.82    5.10   5.85    5.12 (" ")
 ----------------------------------------
 ----------------------------------------
   (JD) =  2147561.00
 // =   1167/9/14
               
 189.1  181.2  309.2   324.3   179.5  210.5   178.9  ( J2000)
  5.36   5.16   9.27    9.81    5.12   5.88    5.11 (" ")
 ----------------------------------------
 ----------------------------------------
   (JD) =  2147562.00
 // = 1167/9/15
               
 190.1  193.8  309.2   324.3   180.2  211.8   178.4  ( J2000)
  5.38   5.47   9.27    9.81    5.14   5.91    5.09 (" ")
 ----------------------------------------

     Turbo-Sky ,     17
 1167         
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 ----------------------------------------
   (JD) =  2147652.00
 // =  1167/12/14
               
 280.8  292.1  314.0   331.8   239.8  321.9   297.9 ( J2000)
  8.41   8.73   9.44   10.13    7.11   9.72    8.90 (" ")
 ----------------------------------------
 ----------------------------------------
   (JD) =  2147653.00
 // = 1167/12/15
               
 281.8  304.2  314.1   332.0   240.5  323.0   298.0 ( J2000)
  8.44   9.09   9.45   10.14    7.13   9.77    8.90 (" ")
 ----------------------------------------

               . 
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   (JD)=  2147741.00
 // =  1168/3/12
               
 370.4  383.6  324.1   352.3   301.9   48.9   380.8 ( J2000)
 11.60  11.93   9.80   11.14    9.01    .90   11.86 (" ")
 ----------------------------------------

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 ----------------------------------------
   (JD) =  2147835.00
 // = 1168/6/14
               
 101.1  194.0  327.1   369.0   366.1   55.9    99.5 ( J2000)
  2.40   5.47   9.91   11.56   11.49   1.11    2.34 (" ")
 ----------------------------------------

           
 - 8  1168 , -   .6.12 ( 
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.

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 ---------------------------------------------------------------------
     (JD) =  2153957.00
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 377.0    214.3     178.0    142.1   318.4    29.2   352.9
 11.76    5.97      5.08     3.94    9.60     0.11   11.16
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 ----------------------------------------
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 377.9   226.3    177.9    142.1    319.2   30.5    354.4
 11.78   6.51     5.08     3.94     9.63    0.16    11.20
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 ----------------------------------------
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     (JD) =  2153959.00
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 378.9    238.1       177.9    142.0     319.9   31.7   355.9
 11.81    7.05        5.08     3.94      9.66    0.21   11.23
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 ----------------------------------------
    (JD) =  2153860.00
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  279.4  369.0  182.6   151.7   247.7  268.0   273.7  ( J2000)
   8.37  11.56   5.20    4.26    7.37   8.04    8.20  (" ")
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  372.0   151.7  178.4   142.3   314.7  383.1  345.9 ( J2000)
  11.64   4.26   5.09    3.95    9.47  11.91   10.96 (" ")
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   2.35   7.92   5.06    4.19   11.87   3.60    2.31 (" ")
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     (JD) =  2230306.00    < "">
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  27.2       378.6    214.8    373.6   359.7  362.8   359.8 ()
  0.02       11.80     5.98    11.68   11.33  11.41   11.33
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     (JD) =  2230307.00       <  >
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  28.1       31.7   214.7     373.8    360.5  364.0   360.8 ()
  0.06       0.21   5.98      11.68    11.35  11.44   11.36
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 ---------------------------------------------------------------------
     (JD) =  2233995.00    <  26 >
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    (JD) =  2233875.00
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"  " [544], .6, .731.  
.

    ..  ..  
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    .

  ,    : 15-16  1230  ..

  ,    : 9-10  1268  ..

  ,       
 XIII   .

     ,      
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.

            2.    BR.

      , .1.12,    .2:4.
   " ",    -
 ,  ,    .
 , . ,     .
      .

     .. [544], .6.   
 : 1682  ( )  1861  (
).    : 1682 .   
   .

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   .  ,   ,  
   .  ,  - 
 .       ,  
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 " "   " ", .2:4.

    2.1.      .

          ... 
    .   ,
.2:4.      : 1682- 
1861 .       .   
,    ,   
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     .   1682 ? ,
 ,  1861 ?   ,     - 
     , -  
.

      2.2.  " "   .

     " "    ,
   .      .7.4
 .12,    .    
   .4:4.     ,  
 , .7.4.

  1)    - "", .4:9.

  2)  -     , .4:4.

  3)  .       .   
  ,   -     
,  .       
 . , .7:2.5.    ,   
      :

   3)   ,    .
 ,   ,     
       [1051:1], .45-46.

   3)   ,    . 
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-, .4:9.

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   , .7:2.5, .

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 , . .4:4.

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  6)  -    , .4:4.

  7)  -    , .4:4.

  8)  -    , .4:4.

       ,  
,    , .7.4,   
.

                " "   :
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        .

        HOROS   [] 
"".

          :  73
 .., 250  .., 1841  ..     , 
     ,     
 .  - 1841   !

          1841 
 " ".

 ---------------------------------------------------------------------
     (JD) =  2393762.00    <  >
   // =  1841/10/6 (..)  = 18  1841 .
                        
  207.2    254.1   270.5    259.4     271.1    174.5     229.9
   5.80    7.58     8.11    7.76      8.13      5.00      6.69
      .   .   .    .   /   
     " " ( ): 13,3 
  ----------------------------------------

       . ,   ,
  " ".

   .  ..  ..  1841
   " "    
      ,   
  -     
   .   , 
    6  1841   4  1841
 ( 18  16    ),  
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    .      
       . .
  []  "".

       2.3.  " "   .

     " "     
.    ,     , . .7.5 
.12,      .   
     ,   .

     " "     .4:4.
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,     .7.5.

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.

  1)  -        
  .

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      .

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  .

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.

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.7.5.

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.

         
, .7.5,  .

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       HOROS, .  []  "".

     ..  .. , 
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1861 .       ,
, ,   ,  - 
  : 1861 .

            - 
      .  
,       ,  
.  ,   - ,   
,   , ,    .
   XIX .    
     "  " 1853 .

 ---------------------------------------------------------------------
     (JD) =  2397912.00    <   >
   // = 1853/2/15 (..) = 27  1853 .
                           
 340.9      210.2     45.0     263.9     333.9      321.7   341.9
 10.67      5.87      0.74      7.91     10.25      9.72    10.73
 .                .   ./.   .  ./
     " " ( ): 26,5 
  ----------------------------------------

    .

  1)    .         5
     .    , 
      5  (
 , .5),    1853   
  " ". ,    
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  , .7.5.          ,
     .    
, ,    27  1853  . 
.7.6.

  2) ,    ,    
 ,    .   ,  
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   ,   . 30  1853 
(  )     
.           
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 1853   9-10 .     
    [393], .16.      
:  0,2   0,7.      
.  ,     ,  
.

  3)    " "   1853 
  -  27 .   ,  .
      
   ,    15  (
).        
 " ",     
,    20-30 .  
,      .

           "
": 14  999  ..

 ----------------------------------------
    (JD) =  2085987.00    <   >
   // = 999/2/14
                           
   344.9    289.1   49.0     265.7       322.6     301.6      .4
 ./  .     ./.  .  ./.  /.
     " " ( ): 13,5 
 ----------------------------------------

          "
",         
. '      600 .
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    1853 . , 
  " ".

     -    "",   
,      .     -
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  ,       XIX .
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 .

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".

            3.    OU.

       .  .1.2  .13.   
       "
"  .      
  [1100].  -, ..  ..
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      .

    OU    .    
,   ,     " ",
.1.2.         
 '.    .1.2,    
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   .

                    3.1. .

            ,
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                  3.2. .

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.

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.

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   HOROS .  []  "".

        3.4.    .

     ..  .. , 
        500   .. 
 .   :

     16   349  (  350   ..);

     30  268  ..;

     6  1182  ..

            .
  ,     - 
    .

      ,    -
 .         
 .     ,   
 .  : 5-8  1182  ..
       .

 ----------------------------------------
     (JD) =   1593813.00  <   >
                                       <  350     >
   // =  -349/   8/  16
                         
  170.0          267         58      143    160     160    163
   4.8           8.0         1.2     4.0    4.5     4.5    4.6
  /   ./.    /           
 ----------------------------------------
 ----------------------------------------
     (JD) =  1819187.00  <   >
                                      < 268         >
   // =  268/  8/  30
                     
  180.7   247.2   64.5    141.8    148.8     168.0       176.7
  5.15    7.35    1.34    3.93      4.17      4.79        5.05
     .     /                  /
 ----------------------------------------
 ----------------------------------------
     (JD) =  2153032.00  <   >
                                      < 1182        >
   // =   1182/ 9/ 6
                        
  181.4     258.3     86.4    151.2    170.2     169.8    173.2
   5.17     7.72      1.92    4.25     4.86      4.85     4.96
        .                         /
 ----------------------------------------

          ,
.7:3.3.

         3.5.    .

    : 16  350   ..    
   .  .7.7.   , 
      7 .
  - ,    -   , 
    .      = +0,2 ,
,        .   
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.  .4:11, -       
.

    350   ..     
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     : 30  268  ..   
    .   
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  ,  1182  .. -   .
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8      .

       6   
.7.8.        .  ,
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  .    ,  
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    .

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  ,     ""  
 5-8  1182  ..       ,  
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  .

   ,    XII    
  . ,     
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-,   1152 . .  " ".


                          8.

               .

      ,    
 ,    ,    
 ,   .8.1.  .  [] 
"".     ,  
   .    -  
,      . 
 ,    .8.1,  .

    ,     
.   ,    
       ,    XI-XVI 
..      ,  , 
 XIV   .

       ""- 
,    ,    ,
      XIX .    ,
   "" ,    
  ,    XIX .

          .. 
.. 40  ,  "" ,  
 - ""  .    
 ,  - .    
     ,     , .
         
 .   ,   
   .    
XVI        (" "). 
  ..,     "
.."  .        
  ,     
.         
 (3 ).  ,   
    ( 
)   ,   .

      40   ,  
  (.., ..  ..),  
,      "  
",       . 
         
      .

   1. (1861, 1853, 1841 )    ( ""
) -  BR     ,  
    .  )  
: 6  ( ) 1861 .  )  "
": 15  (..) 1853 .  )  " ":
6-7  (..) 1841 . .   .

   2. (1781 )      (,  1315-1317
) -  PR1: 23-25  1781 . .   <<.
""-  XVI >>, .4.

   3. (1741 )     (,  1520
) -  FZ:  3-4  (..) 1741 . .  
<<    "" >>, .

   4. (1741 )    ( ""  
) -  FA:  5  (..) 1741 . .  
",    . ( 2005-2008
)".

   5. (1714, 1667, 1477, 1430, 1240, 1227 )  
( "" ) -  P1 (  )  P2 (
 ).   :  2  (..) 1667 
  1; 2  (..) 1714    P2.  
 (     2):  10  1430  
 P1; 17  1477    P2.   :  5
 1227    P1; 24-25  1240   P2.
.   "  ".

   6. (1686 )      ' (,
,  XV ) -  FT: 15  (..) 1686 .
.    ",    . (
2005-2008 )".

   7. (1680 )      ' (,
,  1468-1469) -  FR: 19  (..) 1680 . .
  <<. ""-  XVI >>, .4.

   8. (1670 )    (, , 
1520-1521 ) -  ZP: 24-30  (..) 1670 . . 
 <<    "" >>, .

   9. (1664 )   " " ( "" )
-  RZ:  8-9  (..) 1664 . .   "
   . ( 2003-2004 )".

   10. (1661 )      ' (,
,  XV ) -  FS: 24  (..) 1661 . .
  <<. ""-  XVI >>, .4.

   ##. (XVII  XVI )   ( "");
   : XVI    
XVII . .   " ".

   11. (1638 )   " " ( "" ) -
 LV:  12-17  1638 . .   " 
  . ( 2003-2004 )".

   12. (1586 )      VI (
"" ) -  RS.   :  20-21 
(..) 1586 .   :  4-5  1289 . . 
 "  ".

   13. (1546 )   II    (, 
1550 ) -  DP:  28  - 1  1546 . .  
 ",    . ( 2005-2008
)".

   ##. (1539, 1528, 1497, 1496,   1009, 994, 960, 959 )
  ( "");   .
 :  1539, 1528, 1497, 1496 ;  : 1009,
994, 960, 959 .  .   " ".

   14. (1526 )   IV  (;   
) -  PG:  9  1526 . .   "
:  -   -", .2, 
",    . ( 2005-2008
)".

   15. (1524 )     (, , 
1378 ) -  PD:  7  1524 .  .   "
     ", .1.

   16. (1513 )   -   (
"") -  GP:  17-21  1513 .  .  
<<.  ""-  XVI >>, .2.

   17. (1495 ) 0     (,  XI ) -
 BL:  16  1495 . .   " ", .1.

   18. (1421 )        
(,  "") -  FN:    - 19 
1421  -     ,   
.  .    " ", .5.

   19. (1405 ) ""      (, 
1315-1317 ) -  RP2: 14-16  1405 .   
    XVIII . .    <<.
""-  XVI >>, .4.

   20. (1404 )      ( ""
) -  EM:  6-8  1404 .  .   .

   21. (1394 )      ( ""
) -  EB:  31  - 3  1394 . . 
.

   22. (1345, 1285 )   " " ( ""
) -  NB.   :  29-31  1345 . 
:  31  - 1  1285 . .   "
   . ( 2003-2004 )".

   23. (1325, 1146 )      IV (
"" ) -  RC:   : 10-17  1325
.  : 15-16  1146 . .   "
 ".

   24. (1308, 1189, 1071 )   ( ""
) -  KZ.   :  6-8  1308 . 
:  30-31  1189 .   :  15-16  1071 .
.   "  ".

   25. (1284 )     ( ""
  ) -  GA: 8  1284 . .  
",    . ( 2005-2008
)".

   26. (1268, 1230 )     (
"" ).  )    - AN: 9-10 
1268 .  )     - AV: 15-16  1230 .
.  .

   27. (1228 )  "" (  )
(, ,  ,  XV ) -  BG:  28
 1228 .      XV ,  "
 ".  .   ",   
.  ( 2005-2008 )".

   28. (1221 )  " " (,  "")
-  LK:  14  1221 . .   " 
  . ( 2003-2004 )".

   29. (1206, 969 )      I (
"" ) -  SP:   :  5-7  1206
.   :  14-16  969 . .   "
 ".

   30. (1186, 1007 )     (, 
"").   : 14-15  1186 . 
: 14-15  1007 . .   " 
  . ( 2003-2004 )".

   31. (1185 )    ( "" ) -
 DR:   20  1185 .  .  .

   32. (1182 )   VII =    (
"" ) -  OU:  5-8  1182 . .
 .

   33. (1168 )    ( "" ) -
 DL:  22-26  1168 .  .  .

   34. (1166 )       (, 
V ) -  RG: 17-28  1166 . .   "
   . ( 2003-2004 )".

   35. (1151 )   ( I  ..) -  AE: 25
 1151 .  .   ",   
. ( 2005-2008 )".

   36. (1148 )   IX ( "" ) - 
RD:  16  1148 .  .   ",  
 . ( 2005-2008 )".

   37. (1148 )     ( ""
) -  SX:  17-18  1148 . .   "
 ".

   38. (1007 )     ( ""
) -  SN:  14-16  1007 .  .   "
 ".

   39. (1007 )     (, , 
""):  14-16  1007 . .   "
   . ( 2003-2004 )".

   40. (1007 )     ( "" )
-  MT:  14-16  1007 . .   "
   . ( 2003-2004 )".

   ##. (XI  X )   ( ""); 
  :  X-XI . .  "
".

          
    .8.2.  X   
  .    .

      .     
    400-500  [1024:1].  
     : 250-300 .
 ,       .

   .       , 
""       
     ,   ,    XI-XVII
  .

         , .8.3 -
.8.13.

-----------------------

                          9.
                .
                 .., ...

             1.   .

    ,     ,   
  ,      , 
   .   ,   .
, -     ,   
   , ,    .
, ,     ",  
2500  " [394], .45.  ,  "" 
  - '  ,     
 .  "       
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,   ...    ...  
        ,   
" [948], .14.

           
 ,  ,   . 
,    ,   
.     ,  
.     ,  
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    ,  ,    , ,
, , , -    
.   ,      .  ,
  .   ,   
,    ,    .  
,  ,     .

      ,  ,    
  , .     
      - 
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,      ,    
  - " "     
   XI-XVI .   ,  
        ,  
 ,   .

             
      , 
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 .

     ,       .
       , , 
,         .   ,
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.         
,   ,     ,  
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     .    .

        , .9.1,
.9.2, .9.3, .9.4, .9.5, .9.6, .9.7,
.9.8, .9.9, .9.10, .9.11, .9.12, .9.13,
.9.14, .9.15,  .9.16.

      ,        
      . 
         .
       XI-XVI .
   , -,  
.       , 
,    XII ,    .

    ,   ,     
 = ""  -  ,   
,    = ,    .   
 =   XV-XVI .   - 
 " ".     , 
" ",   =     .
-,   ,   
   ,     
.    .  
   =       XV
.    .

    "   " , -,  
 XVI .   ,      
 XV -  XVI . ,      XVI
       .  
   ""    
        . 
,   ,       
    ,     "
"  .        
.

                       2. .

         2.1.       
                          .

     , , -,  
  .     , .9.17 
.9.18.  ,      11 
"",   12.   ,    
  .     " []" [704], .245,
580.  ,  " "    
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, -,   .  -   .
    .     
.    .   
 - 22 .      
.  -  ,  ,  - ,  - ,
 - .       
    ,   
30- ,      
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,    . ,   
 ,   .

       .  
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    ,   .
,    .    ,  
   ,    . 
  ,   ,    .

       ,   -  ,  
       .  
        ,  
  -    [797], .1350.

          ,
.9.17  .9.18.     ,   
   " "   
 .    -  .   .9.17 
.9.18.

          : , ,
,   .    - ,  
-,   .

  2.2.     -     .

       -. ,  ,
     XII ,   
.  ,   -     
-.      ""  -
  .   ? , -, .  -
          .
    ,   ,     ,
.9.17,  -  .   .   
   ,  ,
   ,   -   
.

      .   "" ,
  (, -) -     
,     :     
.        " [936],
.1, .658.  .  .9.18a.

    .9.19, .9.20  .9.21   
    .  .9.19   
  .      
       
[576], .247-248.       -  . 
       , , 
 ,    , .9.21.
    .        
.

    .9.22     .
"    I" (Ehrenpforte).   
 ,         , 
    , .9.23.   
" = ",    Ehrenpforte,  
.9.24.

      ,    ,   - ,
 ,  .  .9.17  ,   
    -.       
,      ,
.9.17  .9.25.    ,   ,
 .

   ,   ,    , 
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,    ,    
       . 
  .  ""- ,
.9.26, .9.27.    :    
 ,    -      ,
 .  ,     
.

    ,      -  
 -   .    
 -   , .9.17  .9.18.

      () -      
.        . 
     .   
           
.9.28, .9.29, .9.30, .9.31, .9.32, .9.32a  .9.33. 
.9.34        
(Mu"nster, Bonn),  '        .
  -      , .9.35.
,        , 
,  .        ,
   ,     ., .9.36. , 
   .

    .9.37    ,     
    ,   .   
,    -  . .  .9.37a  .9.37b.

      .    ,
  =      , .9.17 
.9.18. - -      -
     .  ,   
-    .       
  .      
.9.28,  ,  .9.31.     
,     .     
 - -   -.

   ,       - Taurus
    ,   
,     .   ""
  . ,    U
   "".    -  V   "".
 ,         
- .       
.      .

   ,   ,  - 
 ,      .  , 
     ,  , 
 -  .

    ,   +  
.          +.
       -
  .

        .
,   ? ,     
     =, .9.38. 
""-  ""-     
 -  ,   [532], .190.  , 
   ,   -.    
 ,          
  [532], .191. , , -, 
    ,  -   = ""
, - =      =  
 = .      ,    ,
         [532], .191. 
      ,  , 
,    [532], .190.  , 
,    . , , -, 
       
 ,     , .9.39.
, ,   "  (
, , )" [532], .191.     
        ,
.9.38.

          ?
,  ,     ,
     .    
       .

  , ,     "" 
     .   ,    
-      , 
    .   .  
,        - 
   .     
   . ., ,   
 .    -  
      - "
 ,   - " [532], .190. 
    ,   -    [532],
.190.   ,     ,  "
     ,        
 ,          
    " [532], .191.  ,  
       
.   ,    
  "" .

   ,    ,  "   
      ...  
      " [532], .191.   
       ,  
 ,   ,    ,   
 .

         
.   ,  , 
  , -     , .
"  -", .5:1.      
-       " "
,  ,   .   
   XIX   :  " ,
   ,     ,
      .    , 
  ,    -  , 
" [240], .76-77.     -  , ,
,       -  
.

   , ,      
     ,     [802].  
      , 
.    - .   , 
 -   ,   [802].  , 
  , ,      
     .  
 , -,   "" 
 .    
     .

  2.3.    -   
                     .

     .. "  -  ", .2:1, 
   ,     
         
 .      :

   #   ,  -  
      .

   # "" ,  -   .

   # ""-     .

   #     (  ).

   # ""    ( ).

     .9.40  .9.41+42    
 . ,  ,  , -
   .     
,   .     
   ,  ,    
-, .9.40.   ,   
       ,
.9.41+42.  , ,     
"  ",     
- -  .   -
-,  ,      =
"" .

    ,         ,
.9.17  .9.18.   ,   
,    .   
   , .9.18. 
   ,    - .
,  ,    ,  
     ,       XVI
, .9.41,  -   .    , 
    -   .

              
.  -    (Centaurus),
     (Lupus = ), 
    , .9.18.     - 
    .    -    
,    ,    
.    ,    ,
  ,      .
,  .9.41    
 .      
      . 1681 , .9.8.
   .  .9.43.

   ,      . ,  
  ,       . 
   "" [] [704], .245, 580.  
       ,  .

       . -,  -
-,  -  -.
,       ,    
, .9.17  .9.18.  -
  ,  .

        , .9.17, .9.18.
    ?    ,
  ""-,   .9.44,
.9.45, .9.46, .9.47,   
    -     .
  ,    ,   
  . , ,  
.   [1257], .9.48.     
" ".     -   ,
.9.40,  ,  ,  -
 .     .    , 
    -,   
,  .  -,  
-  -   
   .   ,   
  = ,    =  =   
  .   ,   ,  
      -, .9.40.
 ,    -    ,
 ,  ,      
.   .   ,     .

         ,    
   ,    -. 
     ""- 
       , .9.44.
     ,   ,     
  .  ,    -  -
,  ,     .   ,
  .       
""- , .9.44.    ,
  ,      ,  - 
  ,   -.  
     ,
  .  -  
 -      
    .

    ,      .  
,      .

    ,  "  "   
   ,    ,   
   , .9.49.    -
         =
.     "  -  ",
 "" , ,   
 -,      -,  = .

            -   
      ,    
  ,      
     .  ,  
    XVI-XVII ,  , 
 ,  ""    
.          
.  -     .

              3.   .

     3.1.   = BOOTES , -,
                      =  .

     , , -, Bootes, -  
    .   
  , .9.11, .9.15, .9.16.  
   - .  ,    -
Arcturus     ,    arctous,  
,  [237], .91.    
    ARCTURUS [237], .91.   , 
    .  " "
 = Bootes      
,       ,    
.   , ,    .
"  " 1717 , .9.14, .9.15, .9.50. 
 , -, "-",      
 1600 ,   , .9.51.    
   ,     . 1717 .

   -,   Bootes   
    , ""  .   
.    -  ,
.9.50.   ,     
  ,     = .  
  - =  .  
  = ""   XIV .    
 = , ,      ,
.9.50  .9.51.

         =   
 . " " 1707 , .9.11,
.9.52.    - ,    .
   - .     - Boote. 
 - ,      , 
   ..      
.      ,   
-    .  ,  
   .   ""  ,  
 ,  .    .    =
  =     . - 
   ,    .

   ,      " ",
   .     , ,
"   " [781:1].  : <<, ,
 , , , ", ,   -
 >> [781:1], .1, .31.   ,   - 
     ,  .   
   .   : << , [()
 .] . .  ,    >>
[223], .1,  137.  ,   ",  
     ,    . 
   , .  " ".

      3.2.    = URSA MAJOR   =
   DRACO , ,    - - 
                      =.

        ,  ,   
   -   = Ursa Major,  
= Draco, .9.11, .9.13, .9.14, .9.15.  
      , .9.53.
      , -,  
  =  .      
  . ,   -
  .  , ,  
,     "  -",
.4:6.2.       [193], .236.

            .
  ,       
 = "" .      
    .  ,    
          -
 , .9.54.      
 , .9.55.  , , 
" " .

   ,       
  = "" ,  , - 
-.       
        , .9.11, .9.13,
.9.14, .9.15.  ,      
   ,   -   
= Ursa Minor.    ,     
      :   
 .   ,      
-  .       
  ,  .  "" 
        ,
.9.56. ,      
  .    - ,
 ,   .

         
    .9.6,     
., .9.1.        
    , -, 
   ,     
 -  -   XIV-XVI .

   3.3.   =  , , ,
                        .

     ,      ,
  , .9.57.  ,  
 . 1707    () -,
   -, .9.58.    
 "",  XIV-XVI     
 = -.        
 ,   ,     
 =.        
-       - 
-.  = -   .  
   :  -,   =
- -  , "". -,  ,
  .     XIV-XVI  
- .

       .   
   .,    1717 , -  
       1707 , - 
      : , .9.59.
-,   XVIII  - 
, ,    .   ,
     . 1707  ,
,  .    ,    
           .  ,
      .  
  ,      .  
       -
 XIV-XVI .

    .9.60     1700 , 
      
"-  -" ,  
.

   3.4.  , ,  - 
                         "" .

        , 
,     , .9.61.  
  "" ,   
, .9.61.      
  ,       
 .     " ".
   ,     
    .  ,     
 ,    .  -  
 - "   "   .    = 
      
     = ""  
XIV-XVI .

         . 
    1700 ,    
 , .9.61,  ,   
     , .  
.        ,
.9.61.  ,   -  -  
,   .

            
        .
, ,      1681  [1257],
.   [543], .26-27.       
     , .9.62.  
       .

   , ,     
.   XVII-XVIII      
  "" ,     
       
.           
,    .   
   ""  ,  - ,
.9.63.

  3.5.  , ,   
                     .

     .9.64, .9.65, .9.66  .9.67  
  , - Ophiuchus. 
    .      .
 ,  -      
,   ,     (
21:8-9).  , ,  ,   
  ( 21:6-7)       ,
     ,   .
      .   ,
       .    
  " ", .4,   -  
 =   XV-XVI .   
       ,  
- ""  .

   ,      ,  ,
 Ras Alhague [293].    , 
,      --, 
     .

   ,         , ,
 Ras Algethi [293].  ,   --, 
   .

  3.6.  , ,   .

        . 
    ,       
, .9.68. ,     
,      ,   
     .    
   .9.69.    
    ,     
  - ,   , .    
       .
 ,    ,      
  ,     .   
 , .9.68,     
       .   
 ,  XVIII     
, .    
 .     -   
.  .

            
,   .    ?  
   .   ,   
        ,
.9.70, .9.71.    ,   - 
.     -   
.  ,    
     .   
   .9.71, .9.69, .9.68.

    .    ,    ,
   ,    
.        
  .9.72.   -   ,  
   [509].     - 
   ,    
 -,   .   
  .     
      
.  "     
...   1771 " [509], .260.    
,      ,
.9.73.  .  "      
,         
   .        
       ...  
      
" [509], .261.

   ,        
 .  ,   
,       [509], .264.    ,
    ,  ? 
       
.9.74.      - <<. 
    ..  (1771)   ,
   :      "d'un Santo o Santa
martir" ("    ")...   
 .    .   >>
[509], .264.            ,
,  ,      
  ? ,    
-   " " XI , .
" -  ", .4.

     ,      
- ,       .  
   -    
.

   -,     - ,  
   .  ,   
 ,   "" .  
-  .  -     
  .  , ,  
 -   .    
    [509], .261.   
   .  
   , -,  .
  [509], .262-263,  -  , 
     .

           .
-,    - .  
      .
        .
      " " [509],
.261.        , .  .  ,
   "   ,
   , ,   
,       " [509],
.261. ,      "
"  .

     ,  "    (  -
.)   " [509], .15.

                    4.   .

      4.1.  =  =     =  
                  - = -.

       .    
     : ,  
.    , ,    ., .9.2.
    .9.75.   (Orion) 
   (Eridanus)     (Cetus).  
    ,  .9.5.    
      ,   . 
.9.16        1540 . 
.9.76         -
,   .  .9.77  .9.76   
  ,  ,   .

      ?  ,  , .9.78,
.9.79,   ,       
 - "".      .  
   .9.77  .9.76.      . 
.9.77     ,   .
   - .       ""
(Lepus).   .9.76, ,     
,   .

           
          
   (  3-4).  ,
       
      (  6). ,  
 ,       
   ,   .
 ,   .      
 . ,  ,  .
 ,  ,      1551 
     ,     , 
 , .9.77.    
  ,  ,  . 
      ( 7:20;  16:12).

     ,    1627 ,  
  , .9.80,  ,  
 , "   
" [1160], .318.        
      .    
   S.Aaron, .9.81.   , 
        
.  ,        
 ,   ,   .  , 
XVII    .    ,  ,
    "    ",  XVII 
  .

   ,    .  - ,
 ,   = .   , -, -
  .     -  
     .   "" - 
   ,      . 
 " ", .5:3,  ,  
   - = .  
      -   
-  1453     - 
 II =   .   -  
 ,   .

    ,   (Cetus), -,  
   - = .  
 ,   ,   ,
   .  ,    
    ,     
 .      "",  
 -  .     Cetus
       , .9.82.
        -
 (Eridanus).  ,     =
    .

    :   -    Cetus?
 ,    CETUS   
CETE   "  " [237], .176.   
CETUS     ,    CITY,  
.           . ,
      . ,
,   SIT = ,   SITE = ,
.     :     "
 ".    CETUS  -  , 
  ,    - .  
      .    
    , ,   ,   
 .        . 
         - , 
 .

      " "   - = CETUS
 "  "?  -,    ,
 -    .  -  
 .      . , 
  -    ,   .
    "" = Cetus.

          
. 1707 ,     :
"BALONA  ", .9.83, .9.84.   1681   
. [1257]     BELAENA Cetus.  
    Cetus BALENA.  BALONA  BELAENA
 BALENA,  ,  .     .
  ,       
      -,   =
-.   ,   Cetus Balona
, ,  ,    .

   ,  ,   ,  , 
 " "  ,    - 
1453  -   II,  
  .  -    "
"  XV-XVI .

  4.2.    =   
             1492  
                      .

            (Argo
Navis).         
.9.85.  -    .   1681
 [1257].       
      .   , 
,       " ".
 ""     " "
       .      
     [1160], .312. ,  
   "" .   ,
    - Argo Navis   
  ,    .    ,   V 
  ,  Navis    ,   
 .        " 
-", .6.    :  
""  -   ,    
,   .      
()      ,  
    XVI-XVII ,     - 
, .9.86.       ,  
.

    .       
       .  
  .    ,  . ,
,      1600 , .9.87 [1160], .312.
     ,    
:  Argus, Arca Noe, Nauis Iasonis,    ,
-, .9.88.     :  ", 
[ ,  = ] ,  ".  .   .9.86, 
  "Arca Noe Al.Argo Nauis".    XVII 
   ,   " " 
   -     .  ,  ""
   .

          .9.85. 
,  ""     XVII 
     , 
   ,  
     , .9.89.   -
     ,     
,   .  "      , 
,       ,   ,    
" ( 8:11).  , ,   
 .      (Corvus)  
   =  , .9.90.

     ,   "  -", .6, 
,        
 -      
  1492 .        
?  ,   .

    #      =    
 1681 , .9.8,      
 (Crux Hispanica), .9.91.  ,   .  
      .  
  .

    # ,   ,    , 
- COLUMBA, .9.89.     1680
  ""  COLOMBA NOE, .9.92. 
    1790    COLUMBA
NOACHI, .9.93.

     ,     (Columba) 
  [237], .206.     ,
     COLUMBA     = 
        .
   -     ,
   .   .     1492
.  Columba Noe ,  ,   
,  ,   , 
"-",     .    
:   (COLUMBA NOE).    
       .

    #           ,
-, Canis Major, .9.87, .9.94, .9.95, .9.92.  
      .  , 
CANIS  -   ,   Canis Major -  
.  ,     ,   
   XV    .  , ,
   .   -  
,        
.   , -,    
    -  (Sirius) =   .
    .   "  -", .6.

    #    , ,  .9.8, 
,        , 
    , .9.96.  - 
Apus INDICA,  INDUS,  Toucan pica INDICA.   
    Apous INDICA, Pica INDICA  INDUS, [1160],
.325.   .

   , ,    1492  
    .      
  . ,    
      ,  
  .        
 " "   
 ,     XVI-XVII .
,       
  1492 .

   #    1790      =
       .    
  , .9.97.   
 .       - . 
.    =    
  .   ,    
XVIII  -     ,    
       
  , .9.98.  , 
      .  
.

     4.3.     () - , ,
        " "  .

      ,  ,   
(),    (Hydra),   
  (Crater), .9.99, .9.100.  , 
       
    .  ,   XV  -
  =  .    , 
     -   .  
  ,    .

     ,    , 
  -,    " ".   
: "  ,    ...  
   .        ,
 ,    ,   
   ,      ;
    : ,  ,   
 " ( 17:3-5).

       ,   
   ,    .
 ,    , 
     ,  
    ,   , .9.99,
.9.100.   ,     ,
        (Crater)  
.          .
      , 
 , -,     
-.    ,    
  .

   ,           
 "-"      
-   ,   .
 ,  ,         
 -  .

        
 ,   ,  .. 
,   1  1486 ,  
    "  ", .3. 
,    ,    
      ,
    XV ,   ,
      .  ,
 ,   1486    
     .

        4.4.  , , 
   , -  "", 
                    XVI .

      -, ,    ,
   (Monoceros), .9.101. 
    ,   .  ,  
=,     .

         ""? 
       .   
,  ,    , .9.102,
.9.103.   ,  <<  
...      3- .  .., 
,       ... 
      ...  
     ... (., "
").       
 ...  ,   , 
   (   ),  
-... .      
 ...       . 
    (.Monoceros). 
     : 
      (,
,   ),    ,    
18       ,   
..,      
       16   
"" ("")  >> [533], .1, .429.
     .9.104.

        . -, 
  -  , 
XV-XVII .    : ",
    . 
- (1757)    ,  
 19  (   )" [797], .426. , 
   ,  ,    .
 -    "",  .
 -,    , -   
  -, .  "
", .4:16.        
,      .  
   .   
-,      
  .     
  .     
  .    .
-   , ,   
.       .   
-    -,   
= -.    -  1453  
,  -   
     [240].   
.   , -  XV-XVII ,
  ,     
.

   ,      -  
-    .  ,
  -       . 
 -     .
,   -     
 .  :  - ;  
 - ;    - - . 
 ,   "   ",  -
  "   ".      :
"   ", "   "  ..    
      .  , 
   ,   91,  11,
:  "   ,   ".  
   .

   -, ,  . , 
   "   " [533], .1,
.429.    ,   " " - , ,
   .     
     .   
      . ,  
,    ,   
  -   
 ,     , .9.105.
     .   
     .  ,  ,
  .      
         .

        , ,  
   ,    , XVI-XVII
: ",   ,   ,  
  ,   ,     ... 
  ,  532 ".  .   [63], .51.

      ,  "  - ". 
.   -   ,    
.  ,   ,  
   .    , 
- " ",      , " 
" [63], .51.  ,   ""  
  .  ,  ,   "
 " -    .      
.  .

    ,       [533], 
1, .429; [63], .51.    +,     
 .       .  
    -  ,  
-   XV-XVI      .  
,       .   
    .  ,   -  , 
 .     .    
         
   .      
" "         
.

          -
    ,   
       .  
   .     
   .       
 - .       .
<<    ., "  
,   ,    , 
">> [63], .48.  , , ,  
     . , 
    ,   .

         . 
-   , '    . 
 ,      : " -  
        
,      ,  
 .     
 ,    " [63], .48.  ,
"   " [63], .49.  ,  
   "",      -.
     ,    .
""  <<    "
   "...  ...   
>> [63], .48-49.  : "    
    " [63], .49.

    .   -   ,
 " ".     ,  ,
 ,   .      .
 .  ,  ""  ,
  , -     ,  "", - " 
  ".  .   [63], .48.   ""  ,
 ,   XVI-XVII .

   ,  "      
( - .),        
,    " [63], .49.   
   ,     " -"
   ,     " ".  
 ,     ,
    .     , 
"".

    "     ,   
 ...        
() I" [63], .50.

   ,   -  ,   
 XVII-XVIII ,    
-,       " ",
      .  
.   ,    "  ".
, ,  " 1600      
   " [63], .51.   , 
     ..      
       
     -.  
 .

                    5.  .

    .    -,
  -   .
,    ,  ,  
"  "   XI-XVII . -,
   ,      .
    .

        . 
      XII .  
    XII .    -
   = - - 
 = -.      XIV-XV  -
  = ""    -  1453
.

   , ,   ,  
      ,  
     X-XI , .  "
".        .
     , , 
 .    .     
XVII , , ,       
      ,  
     .

            
 XV-XVI .    ,  , 
 XV  -   =   = "" 
 ,   = "".    
       , 
 1486 , .  "  ", .3.

                          6. .

   6.1.  ,    
                 .

      ,    "",
       .
     .

    .9.106    .  -  
XIII-XIV   ,   -     ,
 ,  ,     .
   XIV .     , 
    .  ,  
  "".   ,  
-,   -.  ,  
   , . "  -", .1:7.
      , , .
    ,  =.
      , 
-.

    .9.107      
1308-1326 .  ,    , , ,
, , .     
.       
 ,   .    ,  
 ,  ,  .

   .9.108, ,   ""   
 .  :      . :  
   - " ".   " 
-", .1:7.5,  ,  " "
       
      XIII .   
  , ,     ,
   XIII .    ,  
.      ""     
        
  XV-XVI .

    .9.109  ""    =  
.  , .        
  , .  "  -", .1:7.5.
     ,  , 
 XVII-XVIII        
   .

     .9.110     : "
  .  ,   
". , .     " ", .3,
 ""  -  -  XIV ,
         
   -.    
  -    .

   .9.111     .
 -  .      " ",
.4:4, " "  
""   -  XVI .
 (  )   ,    
"  ".        
XVI       .  
,    " ",   
 .  . " ", .7:9.

     " ", .1,  ,  
 "" ,    ,  
 XVII-XVIII ,     
     - .  
      .  
.    .   ,
  ,  ,  
 .. " "       
  ,   ,  .  ,
 I      
   .   ,   ,
   -, . " ",
.10:4.   .9.112   " ,
     ,     
".       
 :  "   
  , ,   - ,
 ,    ,    
       ,  
,    -      ,
      " [304:1], .3,
.538.

     .9.113      " "
(Roelant Savery, XVI ).    "  ", .3:7,  ,
 ""        XVI 
      ,   - 
     .

    ,    , .3,  ,   ""
       
XVI ,   ,     
   = ""  - .   
      
          
  .       
       
    ,  
  XVI-XVIII .     
        
.

        .9.114   
,   " ,   , 
  " [24], .270.    
  -,   .  
   .  ,   XVII  
  ,    ,    
  .      ,
. "  ", .3.

    .9.115   1676 ,  
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  ,      ,
 .        .
  ,       
 .

--------------------------------------------------------------------

                     .

         1990  ( 
..           1980 ).
           "",
   2003    (   
)     ,   2003 .

                      -------------

          " ( )".  .

# 1:  ... << . (  . 
 . . .  . 
 .     . " "
 )>>.  . - ., , 2005.   :
Anatoly T.Fomenko. "History: Fiction or Science?". Chronology 1. - Delamere
Publishing, Paris, London, New York, 2003.  :  ...
"   . (     .
     )".  1,2. - ,
, 2009, - .

# 2: ... ". (-  .
  .    
.    XIII  .. . . . 
  .    XII  ..  
 XI  ..)".   . - ., . 2005.  :
Anatoly T.Fomenko. "History: Fiction or Science?". Chronology 2. - Delamere
Publishing, Paris, London, New York, 2005.

# 3-: .., .., ... ".
(   .  . . 
. .  )".  - ., , 2006.  ( 
  "").   : Anatoly T.Fomenko, Tatiana
N.Fomenko, Vladimir V.Kalashnikov, Gleb V.Nosovskiy.  "History:  Fiction or
Science?". Chronology 3. - Delamere Publishing, Paris, London, New York, 2007.

# 3-:  .., .., ... ". (
  .  . .  . .
 )".  - ., , 2006.  (   
"").   : Anatoly T.Fomenko, Tatiana N.Fomenko,
Vladimir V.Kalashnikov, Gleb V.Nosovskiy.  "History: Fiction or Science?".
Chronology 3. - Delamere Publishing, Paris, London, New York, 2007.

# 4:  .., ... "  . (. .
. )".   . - ., , 2004.  : Anatoly
T.Fomenko, Gleb V.Nosovskiy.  "History: Fiction or Science?".  Chronology 4. -
Delamere Publishing, Paris, London, New York, 2007.

# 5: .., ... ". ( . -.
=. . . .  . . )".  
 .  - ., , 2004.

# 6:  .., ... " . (
 - . .   
. . .   )".   . - .,
, 2004.

# 7:  .., ... ".  ( 
.   - .       
   )".   . - ., , 2005.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

           ,   
  ""    ,    .

  2013 , ..  ,       .  ,    
  ,     ,  
  -.

# [] (-1)   ..,  .. "  .
    .  
2000-2002 ". - ., "", 2002.  : ., ,
, 2007.

# [] .., ... "  . 
2002-2003 ". - ., " ", 2004.   
      "-:    ". . .

# [] (-1) .., ... " ". - -,
  "", 2004.   : ., , ,
2007.

# [] (-2) .., ... "  . (
.  .  )". - ., , " ",
2005.  2011       : "
. (  .  .  )". - ., ,
, 2011.

# [] (-2) .., ... "    .
( 2003-2004 )". - ., - , 2005. 
: ., , , 2009.

# [] (-3) .., ... " . ( 
.  .   -  .
   .   -  
.    )". - ., , , 2006.

# [] .., ... " .   
 :     ".  - ., "", 2006.

# [] (-4) .., ... <<     
. (      -,  
,    ,      
  " "     )>>. - .,
, , 2006.

# [] (-5) .., ... <<-:    .
(   . " "   .
 .   .   )>>. - .,
, , 2007.

# [] (-6) .., ... " . (  
 )". - ., , , 2007.

# [] (-7) .., ... <<    ""
. (   -,  , 
,       -.  , 
,     , , ,
,   )>>. - ., , , 2008.

# [] (-8) .., ... <<  -
    "" . (   
,      ,   
- -      XVI-XVII .
     "" 
,   )>>. - ., , , 2009.

# [] (-9) .., ... " . 
  -. ( ,  ,
 ,   , ,    
    )". - ., , , 2008.

# [] (-10) .., ... << :  -
  -. ( ""  ,  
, ,       
XVI-XVII )>>. - ., , , 2009.

# [] (-11) .., .. "   .  
 . (  -   ,   
.   -      )". - .,
, , 2009.

# [] (-12) .., ... <<. ""- 
XVI . (      -, 
 XVI )>>. - ., , , 2009.

# [] (-13) .., ... " . 
 . ( .   1421 .
 . )".  - ., , , 2009.

# [] (-14) .., ... "   
. (      )". - -,
  "",  , 2004.  : .,
, , 2009.

# [] (-3) .., ... ",   
. ( 2005-2008 )". - ., , , 2009.

# [] (-15) .., ... ":   
 XII-XVII . (- (   ), 
,   (   ),  , 
,  "",      
   )". - ., , , 2010.

# [] (-4) .., ... ". ( .
  .  .  2008-2010 )". - .,
, , 2010.

# [] (-16) .., ... "      .
  -     -  ". - ., , ,
2011.

# [] (-17) .., ... "    .
  ". - ., . 2012.

# [] (-18) .., ... <<    . 
    . (      .  
    .  ""    
 ,   ,   )>> - . - , 2013.

# [] (-19) .., ... <<    . 
.   .  "">>. - ., - , 2014.

# [] (-20) .., ... "    .     ". - ., - , 2015.

         ---------------------------------------------

    2010-2011  ..    
"" (  - ":   ").   
   .     2011 .    2013 , ..   ,    ""  .  ,       ,     ,     -.


# [1] (-1) ...  1.   . 
 .    .    
.  . - , - , , 2011.

# [21] (-2) ...  2,  1:  -  .
  .     XIII  ..   
XII  ..      XI . , - , ,
2011.

# [22] (-3) ...  2,  2:   -  .
 -  .     . 
   . - , - , , 2011.

# [31] (-4) .., .., ...  3,  1:
 .    "". ,
- , , 2012.

# [32] (-5) .., .., ...  3,  2:
  .  .     
 .   . - , - , , 2012.

# [41] (-6) .., ...  4,  1:  
.   .  "-" .  .
 .  . .      
       
  .   . - , - , , 2012.

# [42] (-7) .., ...  4,  2:   
.   .      .  
  .    -   
.- , - , , 2012.

# [51] (-8) .., ...  5,  1: . 
 . . . .    
 . - , - , , 2012.

# [52] (-9) .., ...  5,  2:  .
.       .   
.  . .  -   . -
, - , , 2012.

# [61] (-10) .., ...  6,  1:  .
  XIV-XVII    .  - 
- -    .     -
 .      XVI .

# [62] (-11) .., ...  6,  2:  
-.  .   .   
  .  .    - 
XVI .   -     .

# [63] (-12) .., ...   6,  3:   .
 .   .     .
 .   XVI  -  
"" .

# [71] (-13) .., ...  7,  1:   .
""   ""  -   - 
XIV-XVII .        . -
, - , 2012.

# [72] (-14) .., .., ...  7,  2:
  "" .      .  -
, - , 2012.

          ----------------------------------------

                 ,
               1990-2004 .

      "",    2003
   (    )  
  ,    , -   
  ,    , -  
1990-2004          . 
 ,       
.

            
 "" (): 1) . 2) -1  -2. 3) -3. 4)
  . 5) . 6)  . 7) .

-------------------------------------------------------------------
              : "".

# []:1  ..  - 
         
 . (). - . :  
  . 1981. . 3672. .  9/XI - 81 . No.7201,
.1-100.

# []:2 English translation: Fomenko A.T. Some new empirico-statistical
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The British Library, Department of printed books. Cup. 918/87.

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. (  ? ). . - , -
- - , 1993.

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.  (  ?). - , - -, 1999.   
1999    .        
-   2001 .

# []:5       2002   :
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2002.   2003 .

# []:6      ..   .. "
 ?"      :  ., .. "
  ?". - , ,  " ", 2004.

---------------------------------------------------------------------

           ,  : "-1"

# [1]:1  ..      
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). - , - , 1990.

# [1]:2       1996 :  ..
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# [1]:3          
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# [1]:4        
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..  J.    J.    ?
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# [1]:6          1999
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# [1]:7          ( 
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1993.

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       .    [1100],
A.Vol.IV, Pl.20.

.4.61.      .  
[1100]; [1062]; [544], .6.

.4.62.      .  
[1100]; [544], .6.

.4.63. " ",    
 ,   ,    ,  
      .   
 .      [1100], A.Vol.IV, Pl.20.

.4.64.      . 
 [1100]; [1062]; [544], .6.

.4.65.       . 
 AN,      ,  
-,  .    [1100]; [544], .6.

.4.66.     " " .
        
  .    .

.4.67. " ":    
(, , )    .  
  DL  [1100], A.Vol.IV, Pl.20.

.4.68.     .     
    .    -   
      [544], .6, .730.

.4.69.   .     
    .  : 1) 
         ; 2)
     -     
 ; 3)  ,  -  
 -  .    [544], .6, .730.

.4.70.         
    .   
,  ,   ,    .   
  .  - ,    
 -  .    [1100], A.Vol.IV, Pl.20,

.4.71.       " " .
      ,    -  .
   ,  .   -  .   
       .  -  .  
        
  .     
, -   15- ()  .  ,
     .    [1100], A.Vol.I,
Pl.87.

.4.72.   ,   .
   .  ,   - ,  
    .      -
      .      
    - " ".   
  ,      .
,    ,    
 .    [2], .2.

.4.73.      -    -
    .     
 .  -    , 
-    .    [1100], A.Vol.IV,
Pl.20, Pl.21.

.4.74.          
.   -   ,  - .   
[1100], A.Vol.IV, Pl.20, Pl.21.

.4.75.   (?).    
.    [1100], A.Vol.IV, Pl.20.

==========   5

.5.1.        
 -   .     
  ,     ,  
.

.5.2. , ,    .  
       
   .      ,
    ,  
.

.5.3.  " "   J2000.  ,
 1,5     , ,   
70    J2000.  13,5    , 
    12.        
     HOROS.

===========  6

.6.1.      ""  .
   ,    .   
[1100], A.Vol.IV, Pl.7.

.6.2.       
 .  .    [1100], A.Vol.IV, Pl.20.

.6.3.   .   .    [1100],
A.Vol.IV, Pl.20.

.6.4.   .   .    [1100],
A.Vol.IV, Pl.20.

.6.5.   .   .    [1100],
A.Vol.IV, Pl.20.

.6.6.        , 
         
.    [1100], A.Vol.IV, Pl.20.

.6.7.        
 .   [1100], A.Vol.IV, Pl.20.

.6.8.        
 .   [1100], A.Vol.IV, Pl.20.

.6.9.        :
22-26  1168  ..   .  .5:11, .5:14.

.6.10.         
17  1167  ..       
  10 .         
 (=-4,1)         .
     .   .

.6.11.         
15  1167  ..   .

.6.12.          8
 1168  ..   .

.6.13.    .    .
  [1062], .9,71.

.6.14.    .   ,   
     " "   .   
[370], .165.

.6.15.         
,     ,   .   
.   [370], .19.

.6.16.        .  
 .   [370], .19.

.6.17.       
DR:  20  1185  ..  .  .5:11, .5:14.

.6.18.     10  1184   
 .   Turbo-Sky.  .

.6.19.      4  1184 ,   
    ,   12
.       .

.6.20.         12 
1185 .  ,     .   
Turbo-Sky.

.6.21.      .   
[1100], A.Vol.I, PL.79.

.6.22.      .  
.   [1100], A.Vol.I, PL.79.

.6.23.      .  
.   [1100], A.Vol.I, PL.79.

.6.24.      .  
.   [1100], A.Vol.I, PL.79.

.6.25.      .  
.   [1100], A.Vol.I, PL.79.

.6.26.      
,    .  ,   
  , ,     
    .      [1100],
A.Vol.I, PL.79.

.6.27.       . , ,
     31  - 3  1394 .  ""
      4 :  31  - 3  1394
.    Turbo-Sky.   .

.6.28.     (=+0,7),  (=+1,3)  
(=-3,6)  25  1394     .   
Turbo-Sky.   .

.6.29.        : 31
 - 3  1394  ..    .  .5:11,
.5:14.

.6.30.       10  1393 ,
   .    Turbo-Sky. 
.

.6.31.       10  1393 , 
  .    Turbo-Sky.  .

.6.32.      .    [1100],
A.Vol.I, PL.87.

.6.33.    .  .    [1100], A.Vol.I,
Pl.87.

.6.34.    .  .    [1100], A.Vol.I,
Pl.87.

.6.35.    .  .    [1100], A.Vol.I,
Pl.87.

.6.36.      
  EM,    .   ,
     (    
   ),   .     
[1100], A.Vol.I, PL.87.

.6.37.       : 6-8
 1404  ..    .  .5:11, .5:14.

.6.38.   : , ,   ,
     6  1404    
 ,     .   
Turbo-Sky.

.6.39.       
  , [1100], , 1809 .  
  - TASCHEN GmbH, 2007, .35.

.6.40.      .
 .  2009  ( , ).

.6.41.      .
2- .  2009 .

.6.42.      .
3- .  2009 .

.6.43.      .
4- .  2009 .

.6.44.      .
5- .  2009 .

.6.45.      .
6- .  2009 .

.6.46.      .
7- .  2009 .

.6.47.      .
8- .  2009 .

.6.48.      .
9- .  2009 .

.6.49.      .
10- .  2009 .

.6.50.     ( 
).     2009 .

.6.51.     
 .   [1100], A.Vol.IV, Pl.20.

.6.52.      , 
 "" .   [544],  6,   
671  672.   ,    
  ,     .

===========  7

.7.1.    .  .   
[544], .6, .730.

.7.2.    .  .   
[544], .6, .730.

.7.3. -    
      .   ,  
  .    : , ,
        . 
   1,2,3,4.       
 -    .

.7.4.       " ".   
[544], .6, .696.

.7.5.       " ".   
[544], .6, .696.

.7.6.   " ".    ,  
  27  1853  ..  (15   
).   Turbo-Sky.  .

.7.7.   ()    .
        16  350  
..    Turbo-Sky.

.7.8.   ()    .  
       6  1182  ..
        8 . ,
    .         .
    .  ,   
       .   
     - "",     .
  Turbo-Sky.

===========  8

.8.1.      ,   
,   ..  ...    -
,  .    - ,   
 .   :  DL -   ,
DR -   , EB -    , EM -
   , AV -   , AN - 
 , OU -   , BR -  .

.8.2.       
..  ..   .  
"",    ""  .  
   .    .  
   X   .

.8.3.  ""-      I 
.   ,      
.    .  ,  
  ,      
  .     
 ""-      
 .  ,      I 
    :  969  .. (14-16 ),  1206 
.. (5-7 ).  , ""-   I  
 X  ..   [1458:1], .207.

.8.4.    ""-   
  I   .     
.     
""-      
   .     I   969 
..,  1206  ..    [1458:1], .202-203.

.8.5. ""-      II 
 . ,     , 
   .    [1458:1], .144.

.8.6.   ""-    
 II   . ,   
""-       .
  [1458:1], .145.

.8.7. ""-   ( - )
    VI   .     
.   2002       ,
        .  
  VI,   , :  4-5  1289 
..,  20-21    1586  .. .  "
 ".   [1458:1], .253.

.8.8.   ""-    
  VI   .  ,  -   . 
    .   [1458:1], .254.

.8.9. ""-     
  IX   .   [1458:1], .269.

.8.10. ""-     
 (Sennedjen)   .  .  " 
".    [1458:1], .343.

.8.11. ""-     
   . .  "  ".  
 [1458:1], .344.

.8.12. ""-      - "
",        .
,    ,   . 
.     .    ,
     .    
      ""- . 
,   XIX-XX    ""  
  ,      . 
    ,     . 
       
"" .   [1458:1], .329.

.8.13. ""    II. - 
     .  ,  
 .  ,   [768:2]    
.    [768:2], .150-151.

---------------------------------------------------------------------


=================   9

.9.1.      , 
.   1515 .   [544], .4, .204. . 
[90], .8.

.9.2.      , 
.   1515 .   [544], .4, .105.

.9.3.      ,  
   1527 ,      .   
, "     
  " [90], .9.      1515
  .    [90], .9.

.9.4.       
1551 .      !
  [543],   .216-217.

.9.5.        1551
.  , ,    
.   [543],   .216-217.

.9.6.    ,   XVIII  
   .   : J.E.Bode, "Claudius
Ptolemaeus Beobachtung und Beschreibung der Gestirne".  1795. 
 [544], .4,   .184-185.

.9.7.    ,   XVIII  
   .   : J.E.Bode, "Claudius
Ptolemaeus Beobachtung und Beschreibung der Gestirne".  1795. 
 [544], .4,   .184-185.

.9.8.     XVII   .
 ,        
  .     .  
[1257]. .  [543],   .26-27.

.9.9.  .    ,    
    .     [1257]. .
 [543],   .26-27.

.9.10.  .    ,    
    .     [1257]. .
 [543],   .26-27.

.9.11.        "
"  , 1707 .   ,
  .    [90], .210.

.9.12.        "
"  , 1707 .   ,
  .    [90], .211.

.9.13.     . " " 
   .     [90], .213.

.9.14.  <<  "  "  
     .
.      .  1717 .>>
[550], .173.

.9.15.     . " 
" 1717 ,    .   [90],
.215.

.9.16.        (Peter Apian)
 1540 .   [1160], .317.

.9.17.        
    1551 .    
 ,      .    [543],
  .216-217.

.9.18.         
   1551 .     ,
 , ,      .   
[543],   .216-217.

.9.18a.    "" [936], .1, .658.

.9.19.     ,  
  .  .  ,  
Capella Graeca.         . 
 [576], .248.

.9.20.    .    . 
 [576], .248.

.9.21.      -  , -
 . -,      
 ,      .  
 ,  -- -  .  
[576], .250.

.9.22.    . "  
 I" (Ehrenpforte).   ,    
   -    .    [1067], 
10.

.9.23.   Ehrenpforte   ,
  .   [1067],  10.

.9.24.     ,      
,    .      
Ehrenpforte.   [1067],  31.

.9.25.      ,  1540 .  
     .    [1160], .317.

.9.26.       ,
  ""-  .   - 
      .   ,  
  "   ". ,
 , -    .   - 
   ,    .  
,   .    [1100],
A.Vol.IV, PL.20.

.9.27.         
 .       
     .   [1100], A.Vol.I,
PL.87.

.9.28.       -. 
  "  ".   [576], .9.

.9.29.    " "   
  -.    .   
   .   [586:2],   .80-81.

.9.30.    .   [251:1], .36.

.9.31.        .
     .     "De signis
coeli"  XV .   [576], .230.

.9.32.       -. 
  "  ".   [576], .10.

.9.32a.      -   "
    ".  . 
 1515 .   [797:00], .260, .160.

.9.33.  ""-     . 
 [544], .3, .664.

.9.34.         
 (Mu"nster, Bonn).    -.   
[1084], .19.

.9.35.         . 
 -   ,   
.    [1084], .19.

.9.36.    .,  -  
 ,         . 
 [1234],  118.

.9.37.     ,       
 ,   .   .  
     [1427], .45.

.9.37a.         .  
[1121:2], .103.

.9.37b.    .   XVI .   [863], .66.

.9.38.        
(Corbinianus, "Firmamentum Firmianum") 1731 .  
  (-).   
,     -  .     
.   [543], .114.

.9.39.       ""
.     ,  
.   [1160], .9.

.9.40.   ,  .   ".
  ".  XIV .  .  .-.
     ,  .   
,  " - ", .    [462],
 17.

.9.41+42.     . "   ".
. . XVI .    -  ,  
  .   [745:1],  679. .  [114], .300.

.9.43.   ,  ,  
,      .  
    . 1681  [1257].
  .   [543],  
.26-27.

.9.44.      ""- 
 .        .  
 ,   ,    .   -
     .    [1100], A.vol.IV,
PL.21.

.9.45.      ""- 
 .     .     ,
 .   ,  ,  "  "
  .    [1100], A.Vol.IV, PL.20.

.9.46.        
""-    ().   
   .       .   
    ,   ,  
     .   [1100], A.Vol.I, PL.79.

.9.47.       ""-  
 ().     .   [1100],
A.Vol.I, PL.87.

.9.48.  ,    ,    
  . [1257].   " "
   ""- .   [543],
  .26-27.

.9.49.         
. 1717 .    [90], .215.

.9.50.   = Bootes    . "
 " 1717 .   = ""  
 ,    .    [90], .215.

.9.51.     = Bootes  -
  . , 1600 .    
-.   ,  , .   
[1160], .312.

.9.52.       . "
" 1707 .    - "",   
 .  - ,     Boote, 
,  -,      
""  "".   [90], .210.

.9.53.         1600
. .   [90], .215.

.9.54.    .    1681
   . [1257].   [543],  
.26-27.

.9.55.     .    - 
.    . [1257].   [543], .39.

.9.56.    ,      
,  ""-   .   
[1100], A.vol.IV, PL.21.

.9.57.       . 1707 .
       ,    
 = .    [90], .213.

.9.58.    . 1707    
.   [90], .213.

.9.59.      .,   
     .   
 XVIII .  ,   =,
      , . 
 [90], .215.

.9.60.         
(James Barlow) 1700 .     
 ,  ,  , -,
-.   [1160], .304-305.

.9.61.       1700 .
    .      
 ,    - " ".  ,
    "" ,   
   .    ,   
 " "  .        .
  [1160], .304-305.

.9.62.       .  
[1257].   " "      "
".   [543],   .26-27.

.9.63.       , 1612
.       .   [542],
.96.

.9.64.   .     
 (P.Venetus, "De compositio Mundi")  XVI .
  .    [543], .52.

.9.65.  .     
(Bacharach, "Astronomia")  1545 .  
.      
 .   - , .   " ".
  [543], .153.

.9.66.  .    
 (Corbinianus, "Firmamentum Firmianum") 1731 .
  .     -
  .   [543], .114.

.9.67.   .   ,  
,   1551 .   
.   ,      
 .        
"".   [543],   .216-217.

.9.68.    ""  (John Flamsteed,
"Atlas Coelestis", London, 1729).   [1160], .320.

.9.69.        [1361].
  [543], .267.

.9.70.      
  .  , 1817 .    [157],
.6;   .46.

.9.71.      . ,
1817 .    [157], .6.

.9.72.        
,      .   
,   .   [509], .260.

.9.73.     .  
  .   [509], .260.

.9.74.     -,  
.   .   [509], .265.

.9.75.   ,   .   
  ,  .   1515 .
  [544], .4, .105.

.9.76.   ,   .   
    (Peter Apianus) "Astronomicum Caesarum",
Ingolstadt,  1540  .     
.    [1160], .317.

.9.77.   ,   .   
     1551 .    
 .     . 
,      ,  , 
.   [543],   .216-217.

.9.78.        .  
  [162].   [543], .244.

.9.79.        .   
(Johann Hevelius, "Cometographia", 1688).   [1160], .320.

.9.80.        1627 . Julius
Schiller, "Coelum stellatum christianum", 1627.   .
  [1160], .318.

.9.81.    ,     
  1627        
.     - =   .
 : S.Aaron.    [1160], .318.

.9.82.    (Cetus)   1680   
 (Frederick de Wit), "Planisphaeri coeleste".    ""
  .   [1160], .324-325.

.9.83.   Cetus ()   . 1707 .
  [90], .211.

.9.84.   "Balona  "     
. 1707 .  Balona, ,  .
      ,   -.
  [90], .211.

.9.85.        (Argo
Navis)      . [1257].  
  -    (Crux Hyspanica).  
[543],   .26-27.

.9.86.         
 1627  (Julius Schiller, "Coelum stellatum christianum").
      ,   
  -,   .    .
  [1160], .319.

.9.87.      1600 .   [1160],
.312.

.9.88.     ",  ,  ".
  [1160], .312.

.9.89.    ..    
        =
  .   [543],   .26-27.

.9.90.        = 
.   . 1681  [1257].   
[543],   .26-27.

.9.91.  " "    
 =      . 1681
.   [543],   .26-27.

.9.92.    =  ()    1680
    (Frederick de Wit), "Planisphaeri coeleste".
    Colomba Noe,   " ".
  [1160], .324-325.

.9.93.   Columba Noachi     
(James Barlow) 1790 , .   [1160], .323.

.9.94.    = Canis Major ( ?) 
  .      1551 .
  [543],   .216-217.

.9.95.    = Canis Major ( ?) 
  .     1681  .
[1257].    [543],   .26-27.

.9.96.   ,    
 .      1681  
" ",       XVI-XVII  [1257].
         1492 ,
   ,      
"".   [543],   .26-27.

.9.97.   ()    
(James Barlow) 1790 , .     
    .    [1160], .323.

.9.98.         =
.   [1160], .323.

.9.99.  ,    ()   .
  1681  .   [1257].   
[543],   .26-27.

.9.100.  ,   .    
 1551 .   [543],   .216-217.

.9.101.    ..    
.         
,   =.   [90], .211.

.9.102.    .    ,
1602-1608 . ,  .   [533], .1, .429.

.9.103.     .  "Armoiries de
Duplessis-Mornay, conseiller de Henri IV",   XVI .
Muse'e National de la Renaissance, E'ouen.    [1477], .34.

.9.104.   ,   
  -   -. 
  .         
. .  : "     
  .  .  XIX ." [24], .179.

.9.105.   "  ". 
""  ,      
 .   [1264], .2, .291.

.9.106.  -  ,  , , 
.  , .  -    
 ( )   ,  . 1380- .  
-  .  ,   -, 
 . .    ""  " 
-", .1:7.   [440:2], .37. .  [500], .3, .154.

.9.107.       1308-1326 .
       
  .    [187], .309.

.9.108.   - ""   .    [304:1],
.1, .399.       ,
   XIII .      
"  -", .1, ""   
         
  XV-XVI .    [304:2], .2, .338.

.9.109.  ""   .  ,   ,
-    .   -   .  
   - :  (Statua colossale di Marte: Pirro). Musei
Capitolini.    .   [304:1], .1, .400.

.9.110.   : "   .
 ,    ".    
 -    .    [471:1],
.136.

.9.111.     . .   
   " ", .4:4, " " ,
-,  ""   - 
XVI .   [330], .2,   .252-253.

.9.112.    ,   
I     ,      .  
 [304:1], .3, .538.

.9.113. " ". Roelant Savery (1576-1639). 
 .   [1121:2], .162.  ,   
     , .     " 
", .3:7.

.9.114.     (., ) 1622 ,
  " ,   ,  
 ".    [24], .270.

.9.115.   1676 ,    
. .  , , 1676 .   [24], .271.

.9.116.     .    
  II (. [1359], .29),    [10],
.7-8.      [1359]   
     .  ,  
  -   -.     
 "", .12:11,    -.  
 . .   .    [1359], .29.

.9.117.   ""-     Ipuy
  . " ,  
    Ipuy" [1359], .23.    
   -.     
  .

.9.118. ""- -   
.      .   
[1359], .23.

.9.119.     ,  XXIII   ..
   "" ,    
,   ,     . ,
 ""  ,    = . 
 ,   XIV  ..    [494:0], .65. . 
[988:1], .58.

.9.120.  ""-    .   [494:0], .65.

===================   10.

.10.1.     ,  
[385:2].       < + >
.       
 [1487:1], .405-419.      
     .
   ,    
  ,  (  )
    .     
   , ""   
.  ,        , 
 ,     ,  
   XVII-XIX ,    XIV 
..

.10.2.       (.
 ),     400   ..
 ,      
 . ,     
 : 1) XIV  .. -     
 ; 2)     .  
 1  2,     .  
      
,     .  , 
       .

.10.3.       ,
  [385:2].    ,  ,
,          
    .   2     .
    .  , 
     (- )
,  .  ,  , -   .

.10.4. -  ,  .
 IV   ..   73  [1461:2].  ,
    "    2, ,
,  .   , 4   ..
 ",   41.     
       !   [1461:2].

.10.5. -   53,6   .  
VIII   .. [1461:2], [1461:1]. ,   
       
 .        28 ,
     ?    
.   [1461:2].

.10.6.     182   
 " ",    
  III   ..      
 XX  [1461:2]; [1461:1], N47.  .
  [1461:2].

.10.7.   .   ,  
  ,    - ,
 ,   .    
,      .   
       .  
[1461:2].

.10.8.    (jade)  
   ,    ,  II  
.. [1461:1], N 54.  , , ,   
    ,   
,  ,    , 
    .     
     . "  
   (Chu King), , , 
.   , 2   ..  " [1461:1],
N 54.  170 .    [1461:2].

.10.9.     .   
    "".   [863], .32-33.

*************************************************************************

.1.     .   
  .   -   . 
-  :      .
 -      ,  
    .     
 ,       ,   
 .      -  
, ""     .  
   , .4:2.   
      1  3.    
      .    
 [1100], A.Vol.IV, Pl.20.    , .5:8.

.2.     , .5:8.  
.

.3.     , .5:8.  
.

.4.     , .5:8. 
.

.5.     , .5:8.  
   .      
.      [1062], .71.

.6.     .  "" 
   ,     ,
.5:8.      [1100], A.Vol.I, Pl.79.

.7.     .  .   
  [1100], A.Vol.I, Pl.87.

.8.     .  .   
  [1100], A.Vol.I, Pl.87.

.9.     .  .   
  [1100], A.Vol.I, Pl.87.

.10.     .    
 [1340:2].

.11.     .    
 [1340:2].

.10+11.        . 
.     [1340:2].

.12.    .     
  ,      
.   " ",  " "  
 .      [544], .6, .696.

.13.    .    :  6-7  1182
 ..    [1100], Vol.II, Plate 82.

.14.     .   -  
        .  - " 
 "   .   [1215:1], .22.

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