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Цитаты из книги шиитского богослова 17 века, который, в свою очередь, пересказывает многих древних авторов:
http://www.al-islam.org/hayat-al-qulub-vol-1-allamah-muhammad-baqir-al-majlisi/account-isa-ibn-maryam Hayat Al-Qulub, Vol. 1, Stories of the Prophets
Author(s): Allamah Muhammad Baqir Al-Majlisi
An account of ‘Isa ibn Maryam
..‘Ali ibn Ibrahim narrates that Archangel Gabriel blew into the neckline of Maryam thus passing air into her belly. It resulted in conception of ‘Isa the same night and she delivered the next morning. The time of this pregnancy was only nine hours that became equal to the period of nine months required by other women. Imam al-Baqir is reported to have said that Archangel Gabriel blew into the neckline of Maryam holding her garment and it resulted in instant perfection of ‘Isa in her womb the same way offspring develop in their mother’s wombs in nine months. Then she came out of the bathing place with a child’s burden like those ladies who have completed their period of pregnancy and who are on the verge of delivery. - - Дева Мария после Благовещения была беременна девять часов вместо девяти месяцев. Затем она вышла из некой бани-купальни уже в финальной стадии беременности.
“And the throes (of child birth) compelled her to betake herself to the trunk of a palm tree. She said, “Oh, would that I had died before this, and had been a thing quite forgotten.” She desired death fearing that people would misunderstand her. - - В 19-й суре Корана говорится, что родовые муки привели Марьям к стволу пальмы (см. http://kob.su/quran/kuli/19.html ). Майя и Латона также рожают, держась за дерево. А Мирра сама превращается в дерево.
Imam as-Sadiq is reported to have said that any good, wise person might not attribute a wrong thing to her. ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated that when Maryam came out due to labor pains to find shelter somewhere it was market day and the place was full of tradesmen. Maryam passed by the weavers. In those days weaving was a prestigious profession. The weavers were atop donkeys. Maryam inquired from them whereabouts of the old palm tree. But the weavers made a mockery of her and spoke with contempt. So Maryam angrily prayed to Allah that He may degrade their profession and dishonor them among the people. Then she saw a group of businessmen and asked them whereabouts of the palm tree. They gave her the correct information. She wished good for them praying to Allah for progress of their trade and for making people eager for them. When she reached the tree ‘Isa was born. Immediately on seeing ‘Isa she exclaimed, “Would that I had died before the arrival of this day. Now what shall I say to my aunt and what will be my answer to the questions of The Israelites?” - - Мариам искала старую пальму, при этом ткачи подвергли ее насмешкам и оскорблениям (за что потом были наказаны), в то же время некие торговцы помогают ей в ее поисках, за что получают вознаграждение от Аллаха.
Then (the child) called out from beneath her: “Grieve not, surely your Lord has made a stream to flow beneath you” (19:24)
‘Isa called out from beneath or Archangel Gabriel told Maryam from the hillock do not grieve because your Lord has made a stream flow beneath you or made ‘Isa a great personality. Imam al-Baqir is reported to have said that the stream where was born was dry for years but Allah made it flow afresh since that moment. Then the Lord said, “(Maryam) Shake the trunk of the palm tree which is towards you, it will drop on you fresh ripe dates.” - - Мариам, по предложению Всевышнего срывающая финики с пальмы, под ней открылся поток, хотя до этого на том месте была сушь - все это напоминает Еву у древа в Эдемском саду.
Imam al-Baqir is reported to have said that nothing is more beneficial to a woman in confinement after childbirth than dates because Allah had made it the food for Maryam after delivery and he (the Imam) also said that tree had dried up and had no fruits, because had it been full of fruits Allah would not have asked Maryam to shake it and she herself would have fulfilled her desired. It was the winter season when trees have no fruits. Therefore, Allah, in order to show His miracle, instantly made leaves and fruits grow on that old dry tree. - - Пальма была засохшим, бесплодным, старым деревом, к тому же дело было зимой, но по воле Аллаха дерево зацвело и принесло плоды. Это напоминает истории с жезлом Аарона (а по Корану, Мария-Мариам - сестра Аарона), лозой Иосифа, палицей Геракла, седалищами св. Георгия, деревьями Февронии, процветшим крестом Христа.
Ibn ‘Abbas has narrated that when Maryam experienced labor pains and became restless, she came out and walked towards a hillock. When she climbed it she saw the trunk of a dried palm tree that had neither leaves nor fruits. She sat down beneath that tree and ‘Isa was born there. When Maryam desired death Archangel Gabriel called out to her from beneath the hillock neither to fear nor to grieve as Allah had already provided water for her in the stream so that she may drink and purify herself by bathing and to shake the tree for causing the dates to drop. - - Когда Марьям почувствовала родовые схватки, то обеспокоившись взошла на холм, где увидела ствол засохшей бесплодной пальмы. Она села под деревом, здесь и родился Иса. Когда она затем возжелала смерти, архангел Гавриил воззвал к ней снизу, что Аллах обеспечил ее водой, потоком, чтобы она могла попить и помыться, а также могла потрясти пальму, чтобы к ней упали финики. Кстати, возможно, неслучайно название финиковой пальмы - Феникс, Phoenix - означает и мифическую арабскую птицу, прилетавшую в Египет (бегство Марии в Египет?), чтобы возродиться из пепла. Отца Адониса, по одной из версий, также звали Феникс.
“So eat and drink and refresh the eye. Then if you see any mortal say: Surely I have vowed a fast to the Beneficent Allah, so I shall not speak to any man today.” (19:26) - - в 19:26 Иса или Гавриил дает ей совет в этот день хранить молчание и не разговаривать ни с кем из смертных, кого она встретит. Не напоминает ли это сюжет "Не прикасайся ко Мне"?
..‘Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated that when Maryam became grief-stricken and sorrowful after the birth of ‘Isa and longed for death, ‘Isa spoke from near her feet to tell her not to grieve (as described) and when Maryam extended her hand toward the palm tree the ripe fruits dropped down into her hands. Seeing this she became very pleased then miraculously ‘Isa told her, “Roll me up in a cloth.” He (‘Isa told her whatever was necessary and also told her, “If you meet with anyone tell him that you are fasting.” (Etc as described). ..And it is mentioned in reliable traditions that the tree from which Maryam had eaten dates was Ajwah dates which was of the best quality palm tree. - - После рождения Исы Мариам огорчилась и хотела смерти... Иса попросил завернуть его в ткань (плащаница Христа?)
Ibn Babawayh has narrated from Wahab bin Munabbah that when Maryam approached the palm tree she was shivering due to cold. So Yusuf Najjar gathered wood around her and made a fire. Thus Maryam got warmth. He also gave her seven walnuts from his packsaddle. It was because of this that the Christians light up fires in the birth night of ‘Isa and play with walnuts. - - Когда Марьам подошла к пальме, она дрожала вследствие холода. Поэтому Иосиф-плотник разложил вокруг нее костер, и она согрелась (баня?). Он также дал ей семь каштанов из вьюка. Именно поэтому христиане зажигают костры на Рождество и играют с каштанами.
‘Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated that when the people did not find Maryam in the hall of worship they went out in search of her and Zakariyya also began to look for her. Then they saw her coming with a ‘Isa in arms. The women of The Israelites gathered, taunted her and spat on her.. - - Еще раз говорится, что окружающие издевались, насмехались (плевали на неё?) над Марьям, относились к ней враждебно.
..Zakariyya and the people of The Israelites came to her and said, “O Maryam! You have done a wrong deed. What a grave disgrace you have brought on The Israelites.” They addressed her as ‘sister of Harun’ by a way of taunting her. Harun was a debaucher criminal very notorious. Some say Harun was a very good person and people used to name him in the matter of good deeds. Some have said that Harun was the maternal uncle of Maryam . Reportedly Imam al-Baqir has said that seventy women had made allegations against Maryam and said, “Surely you have done a strange thing.” So Allah gave ‘Isa the power of speech. He addressed the women, “Woe unto you for making false allegations against my mother. I am a slave (creation) of Allah. He has made me His Messenger and has given me the Book. By Allah! I will prosecute you.” He did punish them for libel after becoming a (grown-up) Prophet. - - Семьдесят женщин выдвинули против Марьям некие фальшивые, голословные обвинения, но маленький Иса обрел дар речи и вступился за нее, а когда вырос и стал пророком, наказал их за клевету. Так же точно пророк Даниил встал на защиту оклеветанной Сусанны, при этом Даниила изображали практически ребенком, ФиН приводили изображение.
Reportedly Imam al-Baqir has said how Maryam was given good tidings of ‘Isa: One day she was sitting in the prayer room of the house of worship when Archangel Gabriel came down in form of a man and dropped his saliva into the collar of her frock. She at once conceived ‘Isa who was born the same day. Till that time, on the surface of the earth there was no tree which did not have fruits and also no tree had thorns until the sinner offspring of Adam attributed wife and son to Allah made the earth shiver. Fruits disappeared from the trees and thorns came up in place of fruits. ‘Isa appeared from the trees and thorns came up in place of fruits. Shaitans gathered around their chief Iblis and said, “Tonight a child is born because of whom every idol in the world has toppled down.” Hearing this, the accursed Iblis became worried. He went from east to west to find the child but could not find any trace of him until he approached a Monastery. There he saw that the angels had encircled that house. The accursed Satan tried to enter the house but the angels ordered him to go away from there. He asked who the father of the newborn child was. They said his case was an example of Adam whom Allah had created without a father. Iblis retorted “I will destroy four out of five parts of human population due to this son.”
Through reliable sources Shaykh al-Tusi had narrated a tradition from Imam Zayn al-‘abidin that the place described as a far-off place by Allah where Maryam had moved for delivering ‘Isa is Karbala. Maryam had covered a long distance from Damascus to Karbala in a split second; ‘Isa was born at a point near the grave of Imam al-Husayn and she returned to Damascus that same night. - - Якобы Иса родился около могилы имама Хусейна в Кербеле, и в эту же ночь Марьям вернулась в Дамаск.
Several other reliable traditions have been recorded explaining this holy verse of the Graceful Qur’an saying Rabwah is the other end of al-Kufah and its sawad (outskirt) is Karbala or Najaf and the Qaraar (meadow) is the mosque of al-Kufah and ‘Maeen’ (spring) is the river Euphrates.
..It is mentioned in other reliable records that a Christian scholar once approached Imam al-Ka¨im. Imam asked him whether he knew which river (spring) is one by which ‘Isa was born? He replied in negative whereupon Imam said it is river Euphrates. - - Считали, что Иса родился у реки Евфрат. ФиН писали, что Евфрат и Тигр могут означать Волгу и Дон:
http://www.chronologia.org/xpon6/x6_18_01.html 4. ПОЧЕМУ РЕКИ ТИГР И ЕВФРАТ ВПАДАЮТ, ПО МНЕНИЮ НЕКОТОРЫХ "АНТИЧНЫХ" АВТОРОВ, В ЧЕР(М)НОЕ МОРЕ.
http://www.chronologia.org/xpon5/14.html ..Поло Старший, путешествуя по Волге, называл ее ТИГРОМ..
В целом, впечатление, что авторы постоянно и устойчиво смешивали рождество Христа и распятие.
Также Маджлиси дает краткие описания нескольких земель и народов, например, о народе Сабы, народе Тартар (?), народе Рас (?):
http://www.al-islam.org/hayat-al-qulub-vol-1-allamah-muhammad-baqir-al-majlisi/account-people-saba-and-people-tharthaar An account of the People of Saba And People of Tharthaar
Imam as-Sadiq says regarding the exegesis of the above ayats, that the nation of Sabah inhabited towns close to each other so that they could interact among themselves. They were very prosperous and had flourishing agriculture. Streams irrigated their townships and there was an economic upsurge. But these people denied Allah’s bounty and invited a change to occur in their fortunes. The Almighty sent a flood on them and it destroyed their towns, submerged their houses and ravaged their properties. In place of their orchards Allah caused to grow the plantations that He has mentioned.
‘Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated that Sulayman commanded his army to construct a gulf from the fresh water sea to India and they built a dam of stone and lime through which canals supplied water to the Kingdom of Sabah. This dam had ducts at regular intervals and by opening and closing the ducts water supply was regulated to any given town of the Sabah Kingdom. On both sides of the city were flourishing orchards comprising of an area of ten days’ travel. The orchards were thick with trees laden with fruits and decked with flowers. If one traveled from one side to the other he would not be able to see the sun for ten days at a stretch. When the inhabitants of this flourishing kingdom began to transgress, disobey the commands of their Lord, not heed the advice of righteous people and did not desist from their evil deeds the Almighty sent giant rats that began to dig at the dam and remove huge stones from it, tossing them aside, though each stone was so heavy that even a strong and healthy man could not lift it. Witnessing such a scenario many people fled the city leaving behind their belongings and properties. The rats continued to dig at the dam until it leveled and a flooded the country. The flood destroyed the city, uprooted the trees carrying them away as mentioned by Allah in the description of Sabah..
..Know that! There was a nation bestowed with divine bounties. They owned a stream called Tharthaar. They had such excessive wealth that they used pure wheat bread for cleansing the genitals of their children after they dirtied passed stool. Instead of washing them with water they wiped them with bread and discarded it. This went on for such a long time and a mountain of this dirty bread built up. One day a righteous person passed by and saw a woman cleaning her child with bread. He told her, “Fear Allah! Do not be haughty and deny His divine bounties due to their excessiveness.” The lady replied, “Do not terrify me with hunger. We need never worry for food as long as the stream flows.” Allah was infuriated at this and cut off the stream from them. He stopped the rain and cultivation of crops. The people of Sabah became impoverished and deprived. Now they weighed and distributed among themselves the same bread for consumption. - - Они были настолько богаты, что использовали пшеничный хлеб вместо туалетной бумаги для своих детей. В результате со временем выросла целая гора этого хлеба.
В междуречье Тигра и Евфрата есть озеро Тартар (Tharthar), крупнейшее озеро Ирака.
http://www.al-islam.org/hayat-al-qulub-vol-1-allamah-muhammad-baqir-al-majlisi/account-people-ras An account of the people of Ras
..The People of Ras were a particular group. They worshipped the pine tree and called it the ‘King of Trees’. It had been planted by Yafith the son of Nuh besides a spring. The spring was known as Rooshtaab and had formed after the deluge. They were known as ‘People of Ras’ because they had buried alive a Prophet who came after Sulayman The People of Ras inhabited twelve cities on the bank of the river Ras in the eastern hemisphere. The area was known as Aras and the people were named after the river Ras. During that time it was the best fresh water river in the world and the Kingdom of Ras was the most prosperous nation of its time. The nation consisted of cities named as Abaan, Aazar, Dee, Bahman, Isfandaar, Farwarrdeen, Urdi-Behisht, Khordaad, Mardaad, Teer and Shaharpoor. Isfandar was the largest city and the seat of the ruler Tarkooz son of Ghaboor son of Yarish son of Saazan son of Narmood son of Canaan. Nimrod was the contemporary of Ibrahim. The spring and the tree called Sanobar were situated in this city. - - Они жили на реке Рас (Ра-Волга? Якобы это Аракс). Их царство было самым процветающим в свое время. Они поклонялись сосне, "царю деревьев", которую посадил Яфет, сын Ноя. Известны тем что похоронили живым пророка, который пришел после Сулеймана. Населяли 12 городов на реке Рас в восточном полушарии.
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